"Sign out everywhere" ended web sessions and device logins but left every
credential that works without signing in: a connected AI assistant kept its
OAuth connection and minted the next access token from it, a connector or
ingest token kept working, and a clinician share link kept opening the
record. A password change revoked the tokens but not the assistant's
connection or the share links. Anything a stolen session had minted
outlived the remedy.
- Sign out everywhere now ends every other sign-in, every AI-assistant
connection, every programmatic token except the caller's own, and every
clinician share link. Share links are revoked by default; the web offers
a checkbox to keep them (keepShareLinks=1), and a client that sends
nothing, such as the shipped app, gets the safe default.
- A password change and an admin password reset also end AI-assistant
connections, share links and step-up elevations.
- Turning on the first second factor (TOTP or a security key) ends every
other sign-in, as a password change does. Adding a further factor does
not.
destroyOtherSessions takes an explicit reach ("sign-ins" or "everything")
so each caller says how far it goes.
A browser session on its own could start TOTP enrollment or register a
security key. Combined with a pending secret counting as a factor, that let
a stolen session give itself a second factor, register a passkey with it,
and keep access after the owner changed the password.
TOTP setup and security-key registration now pass on the cookie path only
when the session signed in or completed a second factor in the last five
minutes, or when the body carries a proof in the step-up shape (password,
a confirmed authenticator code, or a passkey or security-key assertion).
The settings cards ask for that proof when the server answers
auth.reproof.required and retry the same call with it. The Bearer path is
unchanged: its elevation already is the proof.
Every route that checks a password or a factor as a re-proof now uses one
verifier and one per-account budget of five attempts per fifteen minutes,
shared with the step-up mint, and records each refused proof as
auth.mfa.failed. Passkey enrollment and password change had neither the
limit (passkey enrollment) nor the audit row (both). A structural test
freezes the set of credential-verifying routes and requires a throttle and
an audit call in each.
Fifty-nine 422s raised off a Zod `safeParse` answered with one opaque
sentence and nothing a client could map onto a field, while the other
166 sent `details.issues` — the multi-issue envelope that exists so a
caller with three bad fields fixes all three in one round-trip. Twelve
of the fifty-nine put a dotted machine token in `error` where the
sentence belongs, so `error` was sometimes text to show a person and
sometimes a token that must not be shown, with nothing in the payload
to tell them apart.
Every one of them now answers through `apiValidationError`, which keeps
the existing `error` string and the existing `meta` byte for byte and
adds the issue list beside them. The dotted tokens keep their place in
`error` for the clients that already match on them and are published in
`meta.errorCode` as well, which is the field a machine code belongs in
and the one a new client should read.
A guard reads the route tree per refusal site rather than per file —
per file is what let this grow, since a route that used the helper once
looked compliant to a `grep -l` sweep — and asserts it still finds the
sites it judges, so a matcher that stops matching fails instead of
reporting a clean zero.
Three refusals still answered 401 with prose alone: the Bearer re-read on
`/api/auth/me/sessions`, and the wrong-second-factor arm on both MFA step-up
routes. The shared 401 description told clients the code is the field to
branch on, so a client that took that advice landed in its default arm on all
three — and on the MFA pair that is the difference between re-prompting for a
digit and signing the user out over a typo.
The sessions re-read is the same missing-credential fact the gate already
names, so it reuses `auth.missing`. The MFA pair gets a code of its own,
`auth.mfa.code_invalid`: none of the existing ones fit, because every other
401 code asks the client to discard something, and this one asks it to keep
the session and try another code.
The description narrows to match what is actually true. The generic gates
name a reason; a route that checks a credential of its own — sign-in, the MFA
challenge exchange, a password confirmation — still answers 401 with prose,
and the text now says so instead of promising a field those responses do not
carry.
The disable-route suite only ever supplied a cookie-shaped context, which is why
the token-id-as-session-id defect was invisible to it. It now covers both arms
and asserts the credential shape handed to the session revoker, plus that the
elevation is spent before the teardown and not spent when the factor code is
wrong.
A step-up elevation minted from the account password satisfied the fresh-factor
routes. That is a second-factor bypass: a stolen token plus a known password
could rotate the recovery codes — which take no factor in the body — and then
spend one of them to disable the second factor outright. The web has never
allowed that chain, because a password login does not stamp mfaVerifiedAt.
The method is now an authorisation input. Only totp, webauthn, and passkey
satisfy a fresh-factor gate, which is exactly the set of ceremonies the web
stamps a session for; password reaches what a plain cookie session reaches and
stops. The mint gains TOTP and security-key arms so a TOTP-only account can
still manage its factor natively, and the response says which reach it bought.
The gate also returns a discriminated context. session.id meant a session row on
one arm and a token row on the other, and the disable route passed the token id
to a session-scoped query — excluding nothing, so it deleted every browser
session and revoked the caller's own device login. The transport is now in the
type and the compiler refuses the confusion.
Redemption splits into validate-then-commit so a 429, a 422, or a wrong code no
longer burns a proof against a five-per-fifteen-minute mint ceiling. The claim
is UPDATE ... RETURNING, so the statement that decides is the one that reports.
The mint is transactional behind a partial unique index. Sign-out-everywhere and
both password-reset paths clear elevations. The status read drops to plain
requireAuth — it carries no credential material — and every mutation stays gated.
The three unit suites that stubbed `requireCookieAuth` / `requireFreshMfa`
directly now stub `requireMfaManagementAuth`, and the password-change suite
stubs the elevation revocation the route gained. Adds the unit checks that need
no database: the elevation TTL is pinned to the cookie path's step-up window so
the two cannot drift apart, the minted value is a prefixed CSPRNG secret whose
plaintext never reaches the row, and a value carrying another credential's
prefix is refused without costing a query.
Second-factor management has been cookie-only since v1.23. The gate is right:
a Bearer token is a credential whose provenance the server cannot see, and
tearing down a second factor must not be reachable from the weaker of an
interactive login and a value pasted into a script. What was missing was never
Bearer access to those routes — it was a way to say, over a transport with no
session row, that the human holding this device just re-proved a factor.
An elevation is that proof. It is minted only against a re-proved account
password or primary passkey, bound to the exact token that re-proved, single-use
via a conditional UPDATE, five-minute-lived to match the cookie path's step-up
window, and stored hashed. A stolen token mints nothing; a second token cannot
redeem another's elevation; a password change drops every one the account holds.
requireMfaManagementAuth is the one gate the management routes share. On a
cookie session it delegates to the original helpers unchanged, so the web flow
runs the code it always did. requireAdmin stays cookie-only and out of reach.
Removing the second factor is a security-state change, so it should not leave
stale credentials behind. The disable endpoint now drops every other web
session, every native refresh token, and every trusted device, keeping only the
caller's current session. The lockout-recovery CLI does the same out of band,
clearing all sessions and trusted devices for the account.
Wire the previously-unused mfaEnforced flag into a real policy. An admin can
require a second factor instance-wide (an AppSettings toggle in the General
section) or per user (a toggle in user management); the effective requirement is
the OR of the two. When required and the account has no active factor — no
confirmed TOTP, no registered security key, and no primary passkey — the user is
walled behind a forced-enrollment interstitial after sign-in, with only the
security settings and sign-out reachable until a factor is enrolled.
The gate is surfaced like the onboarding gate: a hint cookie the proxy reads
without a DB round-trip, recomputed from the database on every sign-in and on
/api/auth/me so a tampered cookie self-corrects. Nobody is locked out — the
enrollment surface stays reachable, and toggling the policy off (or the
disable-mfa CLI) is the operator's recovery path.
Introduce a dedicated /settings/security section that gathers every
account-protection control in one place: TOTP enrolment (QR plus manual
secret, confirm, recovery codes shown once with copy and download),
WebAuthn security keys as a second factor (register, list with last-used,
rename, step-up-gated removal), recovery-code count and regeneration, and
primary passkey management.
The second-factor WebAuthn path keeps its own credential store, separate
from primary passkeys, and uses non-resident keys so an account can hold
many. Relying-party resolution is shared with the passkey path. A status
endpoint backs the hub; the step-up gate now recognises a registered
security key as an active second factor so a WebAuthn-only account can
still reach the gated actions.
Reject any challenge that is not a login challenge before minting a session,
cap the disable and confirm request bodies through safeJson, and correct the
recovery-code scan comment to match its early-return-on-match behaviour.
Add the TOTP enroll/confirm/disable surface and Argon2id-hashed recovery
codes as the v1.23 second factor.
- totp.ts wraps otpauth (zero-dep) pinned to the interop floor (SHA-1, 6
digits, 30 s) with a +/-1 drift window. Replay protection persists the last
accepted time-step per account (User.totpLastStep, migration
0202_v123_totp_laststep) and rejects any step that is not strictly newer,
so a captured code dies the instant it is accepted once.
- recovery-codes.ts issues ten single-use, high-entropy codes, Argon2id-
hashed at rest, shown once; regeneration replaces the entire prior set in a
transaction and verification burns the matched code with a guarded update.
- The TOTP secret is stored AES-256-GCM encrypted (already registered in the
encrypted-columns registry + rotation script); decrypt is fail-closed.
- Routes: setup (pending secret), confirm (activate + issue recovery codes),
disable (step-up + current factor), recovery-codes/regenerate (step-up).
Setup/confirm are cookie-only; disable/regenerate add requireFreshMfa.
- scripts/disable-mfa.ts is the operator escape hatch for a locked-out
self-hoster, audited, run via pnpm dlx tsx.
Marc-André Bombeck