merge: bring the MCP server onto the v1.23 base

Combine the remote MCP server (stdio + remote /mcp + OAuth 2.1 + read
tools + deep-value reads + a confirmed, audience-bound write surface)
with the v1.23 account-security line (MFA, known/trusted devices,
free-text note encryption).

- schema: keep every v1.23 User relation (MFA, known/trusted devices)
  alongside the McpOAuthConnection relation; the MeasurementSource enum
  carries the MCP value.
- api-handler: the MCP audience guard (a token scoped to
  health:read/health:write is bound to /mcp and refused a REST write)
  and the step-up MFA helpers coexist.
- maintenance queues: register the MCP token-cleanup sweep next to the
  note-encryption backfill and key-rotation queues; shift it to 04:00
  so the two daily discovery ticks do not collide.
- migrations: renumber the MCP migrations to 0206/0207 so they follow
  the v1.23 chain (0199-0205).
- MCP mood writes route the note through the v1.23 at-rest cipher.

src/app/api/mcp/connections/[id]/route.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/**
+ * Revoke an MCP OAuth connection (H2).
+ *
+ * Revoking a connection terminates its whole refresh chain: it stamps
+ * `revokedAt` (so every future refresh fails) and revokes every access token
+ * the connection ever issued. Ownership is enforced inside
+ * `revokeConnectionForUser`, so a connection id alone cannot revoke another
+ * user's connection.
+ */
+import { apiHandler, requireAuth } from "@/lib/api-handler";
+import { apiError, apiSuccess } from "@/lib/api-response";
+import { annotate } from "@/lib/logging/context";
+import { auditLog } from "@/lib/auth/audit";
+import { isApiGloballyEnabled } from "@/lib/app-settings";
+import { revokeConnectionForUser } from "@/lib/mcp/oauth/connections";
+
+type RouteParams = { params: Promise<{ id: string }> };
+
+export const DELETE = apiHandler(
+  async (_request: Request, { params }: RouteParams) => {
+    const { user } = await requireAuth();
+    annotate({ action: { name: "mcp.connections.revoke" } });
+
+    if (!(await isApiGloballyEnabled())) {
+      return apiError("API is globally disabled", 403);
+    }
+
+    const { id } = await params;
+    const revoked = await revokeConnectionForUser(user.id, id);
+    if (!revoked) {
+      return apiError("Connection not found", 404);
+    }
+
+    await auditLog("mcp.connections.revoke", {
+      userId: user.id,
+      details: { connectionId: id },
+    });
+
+    return apiSuccess({ revoked: true });
+  },
+);

src/app/api/mcp/connections/route.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/**
+ * MCP OAuth connections — list (H2).
+ *
+ * A connection is the revocable unit for a remote connector authorized through
+ * the OAuth bridge (Claude.ai / ChatGPT / a third-party client). Unlike the
+ * transient 60-minute access-token rows, the connection persists across
+ * refreshes, so revoking it terminates the whole refresh chain. `userId` is
+ * always narrowed from the session — never a body field.
+ */
+import { apiHandler, requireAuth } from "@/lib/api-handler";
+import { apiError, apiSuccess } from "@/lib/api-response";
+import { annotate } from "@/lib/logging/context";
+import { isApiGloballyEnabled } from "@/lib/app-settings";
+import { listConnectionsForUser } from "@/lib/mcp/oauth/connections";
+
+export const GET = apiHandler(async () => {
+  const { user } = await requireAuth();
+  annotate({ action: { name: "mcp.connections.list" } });
+
+  if (!(await isApiGloballyEnabled())) {
+    return apiError("API is globally disabled", 403);
+  }
+
+  const connections = await listConnectionsForUser(user.id);
+  return apiSuccess(connections);
+});

src/app/api/mcp/oauth/__tests__/authorize.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+/**
+ * Authorize endpoint — consent gate + audience + PKCE + redirect-URI binding.
+ */
+import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach } from "vitest";
+
+process.env.API_TOKEN_HMAC_KEY = "x".repeat(48);
+process.env.APP_URL = "https://health.example";
+
+vi.mock("@/lib/logging/background", () => ({
+  withBackgroundEvent: (_n: string, fn: () => unknown) => fn(),
+}));
+vi.mock("@/lib/logging/context", () => ({ annotate: vi.fn() }));
+vi.mock("@/lib/auth/session", () => ({ getSession: vi.fn() }));
+vi.mock("@/lib/auth/audit", () => ({ auditLog: vi.fn() }));
+vi.mock("@/lib/rate-limit", () => ({
+  checkAuthSurfaceRateLimit: vi.fn(async () => ({
+    allowed: true,
+    remaining: 59,
+    resetAt: Date.now() + 60_000,
+    ip: "1.2.3.4",
+  })),
+  rateLimitHeaders: vi.fn(() => ({})),
+}));
+vi.mock("@/lib/app-settings", () => ({
+  isApiGloballyEnabled: vi.fn(async () => true),
+}));
+
+import { GET, POST } from "../authorize/route";
+import { getSession } from "@/lib/auth/session";
+import { isApiGloballyEnabled } from "@/lib/app-settings";
+import { registerDcrClient } from "@/lib/mcp/oauth/clients";
+import { s256Challenge } from "@/lib/mcp/oauth/pkce";
+
+const REDIRECT = "https://claude.ai/api/mcp/auth_callback";
+const VERIFIER = "a".repeat(64);
+const CHALLENGE = s256Challenge(VERIFIER);
+const RESOURCE = "https://health.example/mcp";
+
+const CLIENT = registerDcrClient({
+  clientName: "Claude",
+  redirectUris: [REDIRECT],
+});
+
+function authorizeUrl(
+  overrides: Record<string, string | undefined> = {},
+): string {
+  const params: Record<string, string | undefined> = {
+    response_type: "code",
+    client_id: CLIENT.clientId,
+    redirect_uri: REDIRECT,
+    code_challenge: CHALLENGE,
+    code_challenge_method: "S256",
+    scope: "health:read",
+    state: "xyz",
+    resource: RESOURCE,
+    ...overrides,
+  };
+  const u = new URL("https://health.example/api/mcp/oauth/authorize");
+  for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(params)) {
+    if (v !== undefined) u.searchParams.set(k, v);
+  }
+  return u.toString();
+}
+
+function getReq(url: string): Request {
+  return new Request(url, { method: "GET" });
+}
+
+function postReq(fields: Record<string, string>): Request {
+  const body = new URLSearchParams(fields);
+  return new Request("https://health.example/api/mcp/oauth/authorize", {
+    method: "POST",
+    headers: { "content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" },
+    body: body.toString(),
+  });
+}
+
+function signedIn() {
+  vi.mocked(getSession).mockResolvedValue({
+    session: { id: "s1", expiresAt: new Date(Date.now() + 1e6) },
+    user: { id: "user-1" } as never,
+  });
+}
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+  vi.clearAllMocks();
+  vi.mocked(getSession).mockResolvedValue(null);
+  vi.mocked(isApiGloballyEnabled).mockResolvedValue(true);
+});
+
+describe("GET /authorize — consent gate", () => {
+  it("renders a consent screen for an authenticated user (no code issued)", async () => {
+    signedIn();
+    const res = await GET(getReq(authorizeUrl()) as never);
+    expect(res.status).toBe(200);
+    const body = await res.text();
+    expect(body).toMatch(/Authorize access/);
+    expect(body).toMatch(/Claude/);
+    expect(body).toMatch(/decision/); // the Allow/Deny form
+    // A GET never mints a code.
+    expect(body).not.toMatch(/hlac_/);
+  });
+
+  it("prompts sign-in (with a return link) when there is no session", async () => {
+    const res = await GET(getReq(authorizeUrl()) as never);
+    expect(res.status).toBe(200);
+    const body = await res.text();
+    expect(body).toMatch(/\/auth\/login/);
+    expect(body).not.toMatch(/hlac_/);
+  });
+});
+
+describe("GET /authorize — rejected requests", () => {
+  it("rejects an audience mismatch with 400 invalid_target", async () => {
+    signedIn();
+    const res = await GET(
+      getReq(authorizeUrl({ resource: "https://evil.example/mcp" })) as never,
+    );
+    expect(res.status).toBe(400);
+    const body = await res.json();
+    expect(body.error).toBe("invalid_target");
+  });
+
+  it("rejects a missing PKCE challenge with 400", async () => {
+    signedIn();
+    const res = await GET(
+      getReq(
+        authorizeUrl({
+          code_challenge: undefined,
+          code_challenge_method: undefined,
+        }),
+      ) as never,
+    );
+    expect(res.status).toBe(400);
+  });
+
+  it("rejects a non-S256 PKCE method with 400", async () => {
+    signedIn();
+    const res = await GET(
+      getReq(authorizeUrl({ code_challenge_method: "plain" })) as never,
+    );
+    expect(res.status).toBe(400);
+  });
+
+  it("rejects an unknown client with 400 invalid_client", async () => {
+    signedIn();
+    const res = await GET(
+      getReq(authorizeUrl({ client_id: "bogus" })) as never,
+    );
+    expect(res.status).toBe(400);
+    expect((await res.json()).error).toBe("invalid_client");
+  });
+
+  it("rejects a redirect_uri not registered to the client", async () => {
+    signedIn();
+    const res = await GET(
+      getReq(
+        authorizeUrl({ redirect_uri: "https://evil.example/cb" }),
+      ) as never,
+    );
+    expect(res.status).toBe(400);
+  });
+});
+
+describe("GET /authorize — consent provenance (L1)", () => {
+  it("labels a DCR client as unverified (self-asserted name)", async () => {
+    signedIn();
+    const res = await GET(getReq(authorizeUrl()) as never);
+    const body = await res.text();
+    expect(body).toMatch(/Unverified application/);
+  });
+});
+
+describe("authorize — surface availability (M1/M4)", () => {
+  it("GET returns 503 when the API is globally disabled", async () => {
+    signedIn();
+    vi.mocked(isApiGloballyEnabled).mockResolvedValue(false);
+    const res = await GET(getReq(authorizeUrl()) as never);
+    expect(res.status).toBe(503);
+  });
+
+  it("POST returns 503 when the API is globally disabled", async () => {
+    signedIn();
+    vi.mocked(isApiGloballyEnabled).mockResolvedValue(false);
+    const res = await POST(
+      postReq({
+        response_type: "code",
+        client_id: CLIENT.clientId,
+        redirect_uri: REDIRECT,
+        code_challenge: CHALLENGE,
+        code_challenge_method: "S256",
+        scope: "health:read",
+        resource: RESOURCE,
+        decision: "allow",
+      }) as never,
+    );
+    expect(res.status).toBe(503);
+  });
+});
+
+describe("POST /authorize — cross-origin guard (L3)", () => {
+  it("rejects a cross-origin Origin with 403", async () => {
+    signedIn();
+    const body = new URLSearchParams({
+      response_type: "code",
+      client_id: CLIENT.clientId,
+      redirect_uri: REDIRECT,
+      code_challenge: CHALLENGE,
+      code_challenge_method: "S256",
+      scope: "health:read",
+      resource: RESOURCE,
+      decision: "allow",
+    });
+    const req = new Request("https://health.example/api/mcp/oauth/authorize", {
+      method: "POST",
+      headers: {
+        "content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
+        origin: "https://evil.example",
+      },
+      body: body.toString(),
+    });
+    const res = await POST(req as never);
+    expect(res.status).toBe(403);
+  });
+
+  it("rejects a cross-site Sec-Fetch-Site with 403", async () => {
+    signedIn();
+    const body = new URLSearchParams({
+      response_type: "code",
+      client_id: CLIENT.clientId,
+      redirect_uri: REDIRECT,
+      code_challenge: CHALLENGE,
+      code_challenge_method: "S256",
+      scope: "health:read",
+      resource: RESOURCE,
+      decision: "allow",
+    });
+    const req = new Request("https://health.example/api/mcp/oauth/authorize", {
+      method: "POST",
+      headers: {
+        "content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
+        "sec-fetch-site": "cross-site",
+      },
+      body: body.toString(),
+    });
+    const res = await POST(req as never);
+    expect(res.status).toBe(403);
+  });
+});
+
+describe("POST /authorize — decision", () => {
+  it("requires a session (401 when unauthenticated)", async () => {
+    const res = await POST(
+      postReq({
+        response_type: "code",
+        client_id: CLIENT.clientId,
+        redirect_uri: REDIRECT,
+        code_challenge: CHALLENGE,
+        code_challenge_method: "S256",
+        scope: "health:read",
+        resource: RESOURCE,
+        decision: "allow",
+      }) as never,
+    );
+    expect(res.status).toBe(401);
+  });
+
+  it("mints a code and 302s back on allow", async () => {
+    signedIn();
+    const res = await POST(
+      postReq({
+        response_type: "code",
+        client_id: CLIENT.clientId,
+        redirect_uri: REDIRECT,
+        code_challenge: CHALLENGE,
+        code_challenge_method: "S256",
+        scope: "health:read",
+        state: "xyz",
+        resource: RESOURCE,
+        decision: "allow",
+      }) as never,
+    );
+    expect(res.status).toBe(302);
+    const loc = res.headers.get("location") ?? "";
+    expect(loc.startsWith(REDIRECT)).toBe(true);
+    const code = new URL(loc).searchParams.get("code");
+    expect(code).toMatch(/^hlac_/);
+    expect(new URL(loc).searchParams.get("state")).toBe("xyz");
+  });
+
+  it("302s with access_denied on deny", async () => {
+    signedIn();
+    const res = await POST(
+      postReq({
+        response_type: "code",
+        client_id: CLIENT.clientId,
+        redirect_uri: REDIRECT,
+        code_challenge: CHALLENGE,
+        code_challenge_method: "S256",
+        scope: "health:read",
+        resource: RESOURCE,
+        decision: "deny",
+      }) as never,
+    );
+    expect(res.status).toBe(302);
+    const loc = res.headers.get("location") ?? "";
+    expect(new URL(loc).searchParams.get("error")).toBe("access_denied");
+  });
+});

src/app/api/mcp/oauth/__tests__/register.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/**
+ * DCR registration (RFC 7591) — stateless `hlc_` client-id issuance.
+ */
+import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach } from "vitest";
+
+process.env.API_TOKEN_HMAC_KEY = "x".repeat(48);
+
+vi.mock("@/lib/logging/background", () => ({
+  withBackgroundEvent: (_n: string, fn: () => unknown) => fn(),
+}));
+vi.mock("@/lib/logging/context", () => ({ annotate: vi.fn() }));
+vi.mock("@/lib/rate-limit", () => ({
+  checkAuthSurfaceRateLimit: vi.fn(async () => ({
+    allowed: true,
+    remaining: 19,
+    resetAt: Date.now() + 60_000,
+    ip: "1.2.3.4",
+  })),
+  rateLimitHeaders: vi.fn(() => ({})),
+}));
+vi.mock("@/lib/app-settings", () => ({
+  isApiGloballyEnabled: vi.fn(async () => true),
+}));
+
+import { POST } from "../register/route";
+import { isApiGloballyEnabled } from "@/lib/app-settings";
+
+function jsonReq(body: unknown): Request {
+  return new Request("https://health.example/api/mcp/oauth/register", {
+    method: "POST",
+    headers: { "content-type": "application/json" },
+    body: JSON.stringify(body),
+  });
+}
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+  vi.clearAllMocks();
+  vi.mocked(isApiGloballyEnabled).mockResolvedValue(true);
+});
+
+describe("POST /register", () => {
+  it("registers a public client and returns an hlc_ client_id", async () => {
+    const res = await POST(
+      jsonReq({
+        client_name: "ChatGPT",
+        redirect_uris: [
+          "https://chatgpt.com/connector_platform_oauth_redirect",
+        ],
+      }) as never,
+    );
+    expect(res.status).toBe(201);
+    const body = await res.json();
+    expect(body.client_id).toMatch(/^hlc_/);
+    expect(body.token_endpoint_auth_method).toBe("none");
+    expect(body.redirect_uris).toEqual([
+      "https://chatgpt.com/connector_platform_oauth_redirect",
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it("accepts a loopback redirect (Claude Code)", async () => {
+    const res = await POST(
+      jsonReq({ redirect_uris: ["http://127.0.0.1:8976/callback"] }) as never,
+    );
+    expect(res.status).toBe(201);
+  });
+
+  it("rejects a missing redirect_uris with invalid_client_metadata", async () => {
+    const res = await POST(jsonReq({ client_name: "x" }) as never);
+    expect(res.status).toBe(400);
+    expect((await res.json()).error).toBe("invalid_client_metadata");
+  });
+
+  it("rejects a non-https, non-loopback redirect_uri", async () => {
+    const res = await POST(
+      jsonReq({ redirect_uris: ["http://evil.example/cb"] }) as never,
+    );
+    expect(res.status).toBe(400);
+  });
+
+  it("returns 503 when the API is globally disabled (M4)", async () => {
+    vi.mocked(isApiGloballyEnabled).mockResolvedValue(false);
+    const res = await POST(
+      jsonReq({ redirect_uris: ["https://chatgpt.com/cb"] }) as never,
+    );
+    expect(res.status).toBe(503);
+    expect((await res.json()).error).toBe("temporarily_unavailable");
+  });
+});

src/app/api/mcp/oauth/__tests__/token.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,321 @@
+/**
+ * Token endpoint — PKCE verification, audience binding, single-use codes,
+ * refresh-token rotation.
+ */
+import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach } from "vitest";
+
+process.env.API_TOKEN_HMAC_KEY = "x".repeat(48);
+process.env.APP_URL = "https://health.example";
+
+vi.mock("@/lib/logging/background", () => ({
+  withBackgroundEvent: (_n: string, fn: () => unknown) => fn(),
+}));
+vi.mock("@/lib/logging/context", () => ({ annotate: vi.fn() }));
+vi.mock("@/lib/auth/audit", () => ({ auditLog: vi.fn() }));
+vi.mock("@/lib/auth/issue-token", () => ({
+  issueApiToken: vi.fn(async () => ({
+    token: "hlk_" + "a".repeat(64),
+    expiresAt: new Date(Date.now() + 3_600_000),
+    tokenId: "tok-1",
+    name: "MCP connector",
+  })),
+}));
+vi.mock("@/lib/rate-limit", () => ({
+  checkAuthSurfaceRateLimit: vi.fn(async () => ({
+    allowed: true,
+    remaining: 100,
+    resetAt: Date.now() + 60_000,
+    ip: "1.2.3.4",
+  })),
+  checkRateLimit: vi.fn(async () => ({
+    allowed: true,
+    remaining: 0,
+    resetAt: Date.now() + 60_000,
+  })),
+  rateLimitHeaders: vi.fn(() => ({})),
+}));
+vi.mock("@/lib/app-settings", () => ({
+  isApiGloballyEnabled: vi.fn(async () => true),
+}));
+vi.mock("@/lib/mcp/oauth/connections", () => ({
+  createConnection: vi.fn(async () => "conn-1"),
+  rotateConnection: vi.fn(async () => ({ ok: true })),
+}));
+
+import { randomUUID } from "node:crypto";
+import { POST } from "../token/route";
+import { issueApiToken } from "@/lib/auth/issue-token";
+import { checkRateLimit } from "@/lib/rate-limit";
+import { isApiGloballyEnabled } from "@/lib/app-settings";
+import {
+  createConnection,
+  rotateConnection,
+} from "@/lib/mcp/oauth/connections";
+import { signArtifact } from "@/lib/mcp/oauth/artifacts";
+import { s256Challenge } from "@/lib/mcp/oauth/pkce";
+
+const CLIENT_ID = "https://app.example/client.json";
+const REDIRECT = "https://claude.ai/api/mcp/auth_callback";
+const VERIFIER = "a".repeat(64);
+const CHALLENGE = s256Challenge(VERIFIER);
+const RESOURCE = "https://health.example/mcp";
+
+function authCode(overrides: Record<string, unknown> = {}): string {
+  return signArtifact(
+    "authCode",
+    {
+      jti: randomUUID(),
+      sub: "user-1",
+      client_id: CLIENT_ID,
+      redirect_uri: REDIRECT,
+      code_challenge: CHALLENGE,
+      scope: "health:read offline_access",
+      resource: RESOURCE,
+      ...overrides,
+    },
+    120_000,
+  );
+}
+
+function tokenReq(fields: Record<string, string>): Request {
+  return new Request("https://health.example/api/mcp/oauth/token", {
+    method: "POST",
+    headers: { "content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" },
+    body: new URLSearchParams(fields).toString(),
+  });
+}
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+  vi.clearAllMocks();
+  vi.mocked(checkRateLimit).mockResolvedValue({
+    allowed: true,
+    remaining: 0,
+    resetAt: Date.now() + 60_000,
+  });
+  vi.mocked(isApiGloballyEnabled).mockResolvedValue(true);
+  vi.mocked(createConnection).mockResolvedValue("conn-1");
+  vi.mocked(rotateConnection).mockResolvedValue({ ok: true });
+});
+
+function refreshToken(overrides: Record<string, unknown> = {}): string {
+  return signArtifact(
+    "refreshToken",
+    {
+      jti: randomUUID(),
+      cid: "conn-1",
+      sub: "user-1",
+      client_id: CLIENT_ID,
+      scope: "health:read offline_access",
+      resource: RESOURCE,
+      ...overrides,
+    },
+    1_000_000,
+  );
+}
+
+describe("authorization_code grant", () => {
+  it("exchanges a valid code + verifier for an access token (+ refresh)", async () => {
+    const res = await POST(
+      tokenReq({
+        grant_type: "authorization_code",
+        code: authCode(),
+        code_verifier: VERIFIER,
+        client_id: CLIENT_ID,
+        redirect_uri: REDIRECT,
+      }) as never,
+    );
+    expect(res.status).toBe(200);
+    const body = await res.json();
+    expect(body.token_type).toBe("Bearer");
+    expect(body.access_token).toMatch(/^hlk_/);
+    expect(body.refresh_token).toMatch(/^hlrt_/);
+    expect(body.scope).toContain("health:read");
+    expect(issueApiToken).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.objectContaining({ permissions: ["health:read"] }),
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("creates a revocable connection anchor and links the access token (H2)", async () => {
+    await POST(
+      tokenReq({
+        grant_type: "authorization_code",
+        code: authCode(),
+        code_verifier: VERIFIER,
+        client_id: CLIENT_ID,
+        redirect_uri: REDIRECT,
+      }) as never,
+    );
+    expect(createConnection).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(issueApiToken).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.objectContaining({ mcpConnectionId: "conn-1" }),
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("rejects a wrong PKCE verifier with invalid_grant", async () => {
+    const res = await POST(
+      tokenReq({
+        grant_type: "authorization_code",
+        code: authCode(),
+        code_verifier: "b".repeat(64),
+        client_id: CLIENT_ID,
+        redirect_uri: REDIRECT,
+      }) as never,
+    );
+    expect(res.status).toBe(400);
+    expect((await res.json()).error).toBe("invalid_grant");
+    expect(issueApiToken).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it("rejects a code bound to a different audience", async () => {
+    const res = await POST(
+      tokenReq({
+        grant_type: "authorization_code",
+        code: authCode({ resource: "https://evil.example/mcp" }),
+        code_verifier: VERIFIER,
+        client_id: CLIENT_ID,
+        redirect_uri: REDIRECT,
+      }) as never,
+    );
+    expect(res.status).toBe(400);
+    expect((await res.json()).error).toBe("invalid_target");
+  });
+
+  it("rejects a code presented by a different client", async () => {
+    const res = await POST(
+      tokenReq({
+        grant_type: "authorization_code",
+        code: authCode(),
+        code_verifier: VERIFIER,
+        client_id: "https://other.example/client.json",
+        redirect_uri: REDIRECT,
+      }) as never,
+    );
+    expect(res.status).toBe(400);
+    expect((await res.json()).error).toBe("invalid_grant");
+  });
+
+  it("rejects a replayed code (single-use jti already claimed)", async () => {
+    vi.mocked(checkRateLimit).mockResolvedValue({
+      allowed: false,
+      remaining: 0,
+      resetAt: Date.now() + 60_000,
+    });
+    const res = await POST(
+      tokenReq({
+        grant_type: "authorization_code",
+        code: authCode(),
+        code_verifier: VERIFIER,
+        client_id: CLIENT_ID,
+        redirect_uri: REDIRECT,
+      }) as never,
+    );
+    expect(res.status).toBe(400);
+    expect((await res.json()).error).toBe("invalid_grant");
+    expect(issueApiToken).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+});
+
+describe("refresh_token grant", () => {
+  it("rotates: issues a new access + refresh pair against a live connection", async () => {
+    const res = await POST(
+      tokenReq({
+        grant_type: "refresh_token",
+        refresh_token: refreshToken(),
+        client_id: CLIENT_ID,
+      }) as never,
+    );
+    expect(res.status).toBe(200);
+    const body = await res.json();
+    expect(body.access_token).toMatch(/^hlk_/);
+    expect(body.refresh_token).toMatch(/^hlrt_/);
+    expect(rotateConnection).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.objectContaining({ connectionId: "conn-1", clientId: CLIENT_ID }),
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("rejects a refresh whose connection was revoked (H2 — settings revoke)", async () => {
+    vi.mocked(rotateConnection).mockResolvedValue({
+      ok: false,
+      reason: "revoked",
+    });
+    const res = await POST(
+      tokenReq({
+        grant_type: "refresh_token",
+        refresh_token: refreshToken(),
+        client_id: CLIENT_ID,
+      }) as never,
+    );
+    expect(res.status).toBe(400);
+    expect((await res.json()).error).toBe("invalid_grant");
+    expect(issueApiToken).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it("rejects a replayed refresh and reports reuse detection (H2)", async () => {
+    vi.mocked(rotateConnection).mockResolvedValue({
+      ok: false,
+      reason: "reuse_detected",
+    });
+    const res = await POST(
+      tokenReq({
+        grant_type: "refresh_token",
+        refresh_token: refreshToken(),
+        client_id: CLIENT_ID,
+      }) as never,
+    );
+    expect(res.status).toBe(400);
+    const body = await res.json();
+    expect(body.error).toBe("invalid_grant");
+    expect(body.error_description).toMatch(/reuse/i);
+    expect(issueApiToken).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it("rejects a legacy refresh token with no connection binding", async () => {
+    const legacy = signArtifact(
+      "refreshToken",
+      {
+        jti: randomUUID(),
+        sub: "user-1",
+        client_id: CLIENT_ID,
+        scope: "health:read offline_access",
+        resource: RESOURCE,
+      },
+      1_000_000,
+    );
+    const res = await POST(
+      tokenReq({
+        grant_type: "refresh_token",
+        refresh_token: legacy,
+        client_id: CLIENT_ID,
+      }) as never,
+    );
+    expect(res.status).toBe(400);
+    expect((await res.json()).error).toBe("invalid_grant");
+    expect(rotateConnection).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+});
+
+describe("operator kill-switch + origin config (M1/M4)", () => {
+  it("refuses to mint when the API is globally disabled", async () => {
+    vi.mocked(isApiGloballyEnabled).mockResolvedValue(false);
+    const res = await POST(
+      tokenReq({
+        grant_type: "authorization_code",
+        code: authCode(),
+        code_verifier: VERIFIER,
+        client_id: CLIENT_ID,
+        redirect_uri: REDIRECT,
+      }) as never,
+    );
+    expect(res.status).toBe(503);
+    expect((await res.json()).error).toBe("temporarily_unavailable");
+    expect(issueApiToken).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+});
+
+describe("grant validation", () => {
+  it("rejects an unsupported grant_type", async () => {
+    const res = await POST(tokenReq({ grant_type: "password" }) as never);
+    expect(res.status).toBe(400);
+    expect((await res.json()).error).toBe("unsupported_grant_type");
+  });
+});

src/app/api/mcp/oauth/authorize/route.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,456 @@
+/**
+ * Authorization endpoint (OAuth 2.1 authorization-code flow + PKCE S256).
+ *
+ * This is the consent gate of the bridge AS. It is backed by HealthLog's
+ * existing Postgres session (passkey / password login) — there is NO parallel
+ * user store (ADR-006). The flow:
+ *
+ *   GET  — validate the request; if the caller has no session, prompt them to
+ *          sign in (returning here); if they do, render a per-client CONSENT
+ *          screen naming the client + the exact scope. NO code is ever issued on
+ *          a GET (confused-deputy mitigation: a third party cannot silently
+ *          obtain a grant — an authenticated human must click "Allow").
+ *   POST — the consent decision. Requires a session, re-validates every
+ *          parameter, and on "Allow" mints a single-use, short-lived,
+ *          self-describing authorization code bound to this user + client +
+ *          redirect URI + PKCE challenge + scope + audience, then 302s back.
+ *
+ * Mandatory gates, every request: PKCE `S256` (a missing / non-S256 challenge is
+ * rejected), audience binding (`resource` MUST equal the canonical `/mcp` URI —
+ * RFC 8707), and an exact redirect-URI match against the resolved client (with
+ * port-agnostic loopback tolerance). Errors are returned directly (never
+ * redirected to an unvalidated URI) so the endpoint is not an open redirector.
+ */
+import { randomUUID } from "node:crypto";
+
+import { NextRequest } from "next/server";
+import { z } from "zod/v4";
+
+import { annotate } from "@/lib/logging/context";
+import { withBackgroundEvent } from "@/lib/logging/background";
+import { auditLog } from "@/lib/auth/audit";
+import { getSession } from "@/lib/auth/session";
+import { checkAuthSurfaceRateLimit, rateLimitHeaders } from "@/lib/rate-limit";
+import { isApiGloballyEnabled } from "@/lib/app-settings";
+import {
+  audienceMatches,
+  AUTH_CODE_TTL_SECONDS,
+  isMcpOriginConfigured,
+  resolveBaseOrigin,
+  SCOPE_HEALTH_READ,
+  SCOPE_HEALTH_WRITE,
+} from "@/lib/mcp/oauth/config";
+import { redirectUriAllowed, resolveClient } from "@/lib/mcp/oauth/clients";
+import { isValidChallenge } from "@/lib/mcp/oauth/pkce";
+import { signArtifact } from "@/lib/mcp/oauth/artifacts";
+
+export const runtime = "nodejs";
+export const dynamic = "force-dynamic";
+
+const AUTHORIZE_LIMIT = 60;
+const AUTHORIZE_WINDOW_MS = 15 * 60 * 1000;
+
+const baseParams = {
+  response_type: z.string(),
+  client_id: z.string().min(1).max(4096),
+  redirect_uri: z.string().min(1).max(2048),
+  code_challenge: z.string().min(1).max(256).optional(),
+  code_challenge_method: z.string().optional(),
+  scope: z.string().max(256).optional(),
+  state: z.string().max(2048).optional(),
+  resource: z.string().max(2048).optional(),
+};
+
+function htmlEscape(value: string): string {
+  return value
+    .replace(/&/g, "&")
+    .replace(/</g, "&lt;")
+    .replace(/>/g, "&gt;")
+    .replace(/"/g, "&quot;")
+    .replace(/'/g, "&#39;");
+}
+
+function badRequest(error: string, description: string): Response {
+  return Response.json(
+    { error, error_description: description },
+    { status: 400 },
+  );
+}
+
+function html(body: string, status = 200): Response {
+  return new Response(
+    `<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>HealthLog — Authorize access</title></head><body>${body}</body></html>`,
+    {
+      status,
+      headers: { "content-type": "text/html; charset=utf-8" },
+    },
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * The scopes this surface grants for a request. `health:read` is always
+ * granted (the floor). `health:write` is granted ONLY when explicitly
+ * requested (RFC 8707 / incremental consent, SEP-835) — it admits the
+ * confirmed `/mcp` write tools and is surfaced plainly on the consent screen.
+ * `offline_access` enables refresh continuity. Nothing else is ever granted.
+ */
+function grantScope(requested: string | undefined): string {
+  const wants = new Set(
+    (requested ?? SCOPE_HEALTH_READ).split(/\s+/).filter(Boolean),
+  );
+  const granted = [SCOPE_HEALTH_READ];
+  if (wants.has(SCOPE_HEALTH_WRITE)) granted.push(SCOPE_HEALTH_WRITE);
+  if (wants.has("offline_access")) granted.push("offline_access");
+  return granted.join(" ");
+}
+
+interface ValidatedRequest {
+  clientId: string;
+  clientName: string;
+  /** The VERIFIED client origin shown on the consent screen (L1). */
+  clientOrigin: string;
+  /** Registration provenance — drives the trust label on consent (L1). */
+  clientSource: "cimd" | "dcr";
+  redirectUri: string;
+  codeChallenge: string;
+  scope: string;
+  state?: string;
+  resource: string;
+}
+
+/** Shared validation for GET + POST. Returns a ready error Response on failure. */
+async function validate(
+  params: Record<string, string | undefined>,
+  requestUrl: string,
+): Promise<{ ok: true; v: ValidatedRequest } | { ok: false; res: Response }> {
+  const parsed = z.object(baseParams).safeParse(params);
+  if (!parsed.success) {
+    return {
+      ok: false,
+      res: badRequest("invalid_request", "Missing or malformed parameters"),
+    };
+  }
+  const p = parsed.data;
+
+  // 1. Client must resolve (CIMD URL or stateless DCR id). Unknown → cannot
+  //    safely redirect anywhere, so error directly.
+  const resolved = await resolveClient(p.client_id);
+  if (!resolved.ok) {
+    return {
+      ok: false,
+      res: badRequest("invalid_client", "Unknown or unresolvable client"),
+    };
+  }
+
+  // 2. Redirect URI MUST match the registration before we trust it.
+  if (!redirectUriAllowed(p.redirect_uri, resolved.client.redirectUris)) {
+    return {
+      ok: false,
+      res: badRequest(
+        "invalid_request",
+        "redirect_uri does not match the registered client",
+      ),
+    };
+  }
+
+  // 3. response_type — code only.
+  if (p.response_type !== "code") {
+    return {
+      ok: false,
+      res: badRequest(
+        "unsupported_response_type",
+        "Only response_type=code is supported",
+      ),
+    };
+  }
+
+  // 4. PKCE S256 is MANDATORY.
+  if (
+    p.code_challenge_method !== "S256" ||
+    !isValidChallenge(p.code_challenge)
+  ) {
+    return {
+      ok: false,
+      res: badRequest(
+        "invalid_request",
+        "PKCE with code_challenge_method=S256 is required",
+      ),
+    };
+  }
+
+  // 5. Audience binding (RFC 8707) — resource MUST equal the canonical /mcp URI.
+  if (!audienceMatches(p.resource, requestUrl)) {
+    return {
+      ok: false,
+      res: badRequest(
+        "invalid_target",
+        "resource must equal this server's MCP endpoint",
+      ),
+    };
+  }
+
+  // L1 — the VERIFIED origin. For CIMD the `client_id` IS the document URL, so
+  // its host is cryptographically tied to the fetched-and-matched document; for
+  // DCR there is no verified origin (anyone can self-register), so the consent
+  // screen labels it unverified rather than trusting the self-asserted name.
+  const clientOrigin =
+    resolved.client.source === "cimd"
+      ? (() => {
+          try {
+            return new URL(p.client_id).host;
+          } catch {
+            return p.client_id;
+          }
+        })()
+      : "";
+
+  return {
+    ok: true,
+    v: {
+      clientId: p.client_id,
+      clientName: resolved.client.clientName,
+      clientOrigin,
+      clientSource: resolved.client.source,
+      redirectUri: p.redirect_uri,
+      codeChallenge: p.code_challenge as string,
+      scope: grantScope(p.scope),
+      state: p.state,
+      resource: p.resource as string,
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * L3 — same-origin assertion for the consent POST. A non-browser caller sends
+ * neither `Origin` nor `Sec-Fetch-Site`, so their absence is allowed; a present
+ * `Origin` that is not our own origin, or a `Sec-Fetch-Site` that is not
+ * `same-origin`, is refused. Mirrors the `/mcp` DNS-rebinding posture.
+ */
+function consentOriginAllowed(request: NextRequest): boolean {
+  const origin = request.headers.get("origin");
+  if (origin && origin !== resolveBaseOrigin(request.url)) return false;
+  const site = request.headers.get("sec-fetch-site");
+  if (site && site !== "same-origin") return false;
+  return true;
+}
+
+function redirectBack(
+  redirectUri: string,
+  query: Record<string, string>,
+): Response {
+  const url = new URL(redirectUri);
+  for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(query)) url.searchParams.set(k, v);
+  return Response.redirect(url.toString(), 302);
+}
+
+/** Whether the surface is available (M1 origin pinned + M4 kill-switch off). */
+async function surfaceAvailable(): Promise<boolean> {
+  return isMcpOriginConfigured() && (await isApiGloballyEnabled());
+}
+
+export async function GET(request: NextRequest): Promise<Response> {
+  return withBackgroundEvent("mcp.oauth.authorize", async () => {
+    if (!(await surfaceAvailable())) {
+      return Response.json(
+        { error: "temporarily_unavailable" },
+        { status: 503 },
+      );
+    }
+    const rl = await checkAuthSurfaceRateLimit(
+      request,
+      "mcp:oauth:authorize",
+      AUTHORIZE_LIMIT,
+      AUTHORIZE_WINDOW_MS,
+    );
+    if (!rl.allowed) {
+      return Response.json(
+        { error: "temporarily_unavailable" },
+        {
+          status: 429,
+          headers: rateLimitHeaders({
+            allowed: false,
+            remaining: rl.remaining,
+            resetAt: rl.resetAt,
+          }),
+        },
+      );
+    }
+
+    const url = new URL(request.url);
+    const params = Object.fromEntries(url.searchParams.entries());
+    const result = await validate(params, request.url);
+    if (!result.ok) {
+      annotate({ action: { name: "mcp.oauth.authorize.invalid" } });
+      return result.res;
+    }
+    const { v } = result;
+
+    const session = await getSession();
+    if (!session) {
+      // No identity yet — send the human to sign in, returning to this exact
+      // request. NO grant is issued without an authenticated decision.
+      const next = url.pathname + url.search;
+      const loginHref = `/auth/login?next=${encodeURIComponent(next)}`;
+      annotate({ action: { name: "mcp.oauth.authorize.login_required" } });
+      return html(
+        `<main><h1>Sign in to HealthLog</h1><p>To connect <strong>${htmlEscape(v.clientName)}</strong> you must sign in first.</p><p><a href="${htmlEscape(loginHref)}">Sign in and continue</a></p></main>`,
+      );
+    }
+
+    annotate({ action: { name: "mcp.oauth.authorize.consent_shown" } });
+    // Consent screen — a plain POST form (no inline script/style, CSP-safe).
+    const hidden = (name: string, value: string) =>
+      `<input type="hidden" name="${name}" value="${htmlEscape(value)}">`;
+    // L1 — show the VERIFIED origin (or an explicit "unverified" label for DCR)
+    // next to the self-asserted name so the user authorizes who, not just what.
+    const provenance =
+      v.clientSource === "cimd"
+        ? `<p>Verified origin: <code>${htmlEscape(v.clientOrigin)}</code></p>`
+        : `<p><strong>Unverified application</strong> (dynamically registered — the name above is self-reported and not verified).</p>`;
+    // Plain-language access summary. When write is granted, say so explicitly —
+    // the app will be able to READ and LOG/WRITE health data, not just read.
+    const writeGranted = v.scope.split(/\s+/).includes(SCOPE_HEALTH_WRITE);
+    const accessSummary = writeGranted
+      ? `<p><strong>This grants read AND write access:</strong> the application will be able to read your own health records <strong>and log new measurements and mood entries</strong> to your account on your behalf. It cannot delete or change existing entries, edit medications, or reach admin functions.</p>`
+      : `<p>Scope: <code>${htmlEscape(v.scope)}</code> — read-only access to your own health records.</p>`;
+    return html(
+      `<main>
+        <h1>Authorize access</h1>
+        <p><strong>${htmlEscape(v.clientName)}</strong> is requesting access to your HealthLog data.</p>
+        ${provenance}
+        <p>Scope: <code>${htmlEscape(v.scope)}</code></p>
+        ${accessSummary}
+        <form method="POST" action="/api/mcp/oauth/authorize">
+          ${hidden("response_type", "code")}
+          ${hidden("client_id", v.clientId)}
+          ${hidden("redirect_uri", v.redirectUri)}
+          ${hidden("code_challenge", v.codeChallenge)}
+          ${hidden("code_challenge_method", "S256")}
+          ${hidden("scope", v.scope)}
+          ${hidden("resource", v.resource)}
+          ${v.state !== undefined ? hidden("state", v.state) : ""}
+          <button type="submit" name="decision" value="allow">Allow</button>
+          <button type="submit" name="decision" value="deny">Deny</button>
+        </form>
+      </main>`,
+    );
+  });
+}
+
+export async function POST(request: NextRequest): Promise<Response> {
+  return withBackgroundEvent("mcp.oauth.authorize", async () => {
+    if (!(await surfaceAvailable())) {
+      return Response.json(
+        { error: "temporarily_unavailable" },
+        { status: 503 },
+      );
+    }
+
+    // L3 — defence-in-depth same-origin assertion on the consent decision. The
+    // session cookie is already SameSite=Lax (a cross-site POST carries none),
+    // but reject an explicit cross-origin Origin / Sec-Fetch-Site outright so a
+    // forged "allow" cannot ride a present session.
+    if (!consentOriginAllowed(request)) {
+      annotate({ action: { name: "mcp.oauth.authorize.cross_origin" } });
+      return Response.json(
+        { error: "access_denied", error_description: "Cross-origin POST" },
+        { status: 403 },
+      );
+    }
+
+    const rl = await checkAuthSurfaceRateLimit(
+      request,
+      "mcp:oauth:authorize",
+      AUTHORIZE_LIMIT,
+      AUTHORIZE_WINDOW_MS,
+    );
+    if (!rl.allowed) {
+      return Response.json(
+        { error: "temporarily_unavailable" },
+        {
+          status: 429,
+          headers: rateLimitHeaders({
+            allowed: false,
+            remaining: rl.remaining,
+            resetAt: rl.resetAt,
+          }),
+        },
+      );
+    }
+
+    // The consent decision MUST come from an authenticated human.
+    const session = await getSession();
+    if (!session) {
+      annotate({
+        action: { name: "mcp.oauth.authorize.decision_unauthenticated" },
+      });
+      return Response.json(
+        { error: "access_denied", error_description: "Sign in required" },
+        { status: 401 },
+      );
+    }
+
+    const form = await request.formData();
+    const params: Record<string, string | undefined> = {};
+    for (const key of [
+      "response_type",
+      "client_id",
+      "redirect_uri",
+      "code_challenge",
+      "code_challenge_method",
+      "scope",
+      "state",
+      "resource",
+      "decision",
+    ]) {
+      const value = form.get(key);
+      params[key] = typeof value === "string" ? value : undefined;
+    }
+
+    const result = await validate(params, request.url);
+    if (!result.ok) {
+      annotate({ action: { name: "mcp.oauth.authorize.invalid" } });
+      return result.res;
+    }
+    const { v } = result;
+
+    if (params.decision !== "allow") {
+      annotate({ action: { name: "mcp.oauth.authorize.denied" } });
+      return redirectBack(v.redirectUri, {
+        error: "access_denied",
+        ...(v.state !== undefined ? { state: v.state } : {}),
+      });
+    }
+
+    const code = signArtifact(
+      "authCode",
+      {
+        // `jti` makes the code single-use: the token endpoint claims it once
+        // through the atomic rate-limit upsert, so a replay within the TTL is
+        // rejected.
+        jti: randomUUID(),
+        sub: session.user.id,
+        client_id: v.clientId,
+        // Carried so the token endpoint can label the persistent connection
+        // (H2) without re-resolving the client.
+        client_name: v.clientName,
+        redirect_uri: v.redirectUri,
+        code_challenge: v.codeChallenge,
+        scope: v.scope,
+        resource: v.resource,
+      },
+      AUTH_CODE_TTL_SECONDS * 1000,
+    );
+
+    await auditLog("mcp.oauth.authorize.granted", {
+      userId: session.user.id,
+      details: { client_id: v.clientId, scope: v.scope },
+    });
+    annotate({ action: { name: "mcp.oauth.authorize.granted" } });
+
+    return redirectBack(v.redirectUri, {
+      code,
+      ...(v.state !== undefined ? { state: v.state } : {}),
+    });
+  });
+}

src/app/api/mcp/oauth/register/route.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+/**
+ * Dynamic Client Registration (RFC 7591) — the DCR fallback for clients that
+ * do not present a CIMD `client_id` URL.
+ *
+ * Registration is STATELESS: the issued `client_id` is a signed, self-describing
+ * `hlc_` artifact carrying the registered `redirect_uris` + name (see
+ * `clients.ts` / `artifacts.ts`), so no client row is written. The endpoint only
+ * validates the metadata, enforces a per-IP rate limit (it is unauthenticated),
+ * and returns the RFC 7591 client-information response for a PUBLIC client
+ * (`token_endpoint_auth_method: "none"` — PKCE is the proof, there is no secret).
+ *
+ * Redirect URIs are shape-validated here; the AUTHORITATIVE redirect-URI match
+ * happens at `/authorize` against the decoded registration.
+ */
+import { NextRequest } from "next/server";
+import { z } from "zod/v4";
+
+import { annotate } from "@/lib/logging/context";
+import { withBackgroundEvent } from "@/lib/logging/background";
+import { checkAuthSurfaceRateLimit, rateLimitHeaders } from "@/lib/rate-limit";
+import { isApiGloballyEnabled } from "@/lib/app-settings";
+import { readBodyCapped } from "@/lib/http/read-capped";
+import {
+  isAllowableRedirectUri,
+  registerDcrClient,
+} from "@/lib/mcp/oauth/clients";
+
+export const runtime = "nodejs";
+export const dynamic = "force-dynamic";
+
+const REGISTER_LIMIT = 20;
+const REGISTER_WINDOW_MS = 60 * 60 * 1000;
+const MAX_BODY_BYTES = 16 * 1024;
+
+const registrationSchema = z.object({
+  redirect_uris: z
+    .array(z.string().min(1).max(2048))
+    .min(1)
+    .max(12)
+    .refine((uris) => uris.every(isAllowableRedirectUri), {
+      message: "redirect_uris must be HTTPS or http loopback URLs",
+    }),
+  client_name: z.string().min(1).max(200).optional(),
+  // Accepted-and-ignored RFC 7591 fields (we never read them but tolerate them).
+  grant_types: z.array(z.string()).optional(),
+  response_types: z.array(z.string()).optional(),
+  token_endpoint_auth_method: z.string().optional(),
+  scope: z.string().optional(),
+});
+
+function oauthError(
+  error: string,
+  description: string,
+  status: number,
+  extraHeaders: Record<string, string> = {},
+): Response {
+  return Response.json(
+    { error, error_description: description },
+    { status, headers: extraHeaders },
+  );
+}
+
+export async function POST(request: NextRequest): Promise<Response> {
+  return withBackgroundEvent("mcp.oauth.register", async () => {
+    const rl = await checkAuthSurfaceRateLimit(
+      request,
+      "mcp:oauth:register",
+      REGISTER_LIMIT,
+      REGISTER_WINDOW_MS,
+    );
+    if (!rl.allowed) {
+      annotate({ action: { name: "mcp.oauth.register.rate_limited" } });
+      return Response.json(
+        { error: "temporarily_unavailable" },
+        {
+          status: 429,
+          headers: rateLimitHeaders({
+            allowed: false,
+            remaining: rl.remaining,
+            resetAt: rl.resetAt,
+          }),
+        },
+      );
+    }
+
+    // M4 — the operator API kill-switch covers the OAuth surface too.
+    if (!(await isApiGloballyEnabled())) {
+      return oauthError("temporarily_unavailable", "API is disabled", 503);
+    }
+
+    // M3 — enforce the cap WHILE reading the (unauthenticated) registration
+    // body so a hostile client cannot buffer an oversized payload first.
+    const read = await readBodyCapped(request, MAX_BODY_BYTES);
+    if (!read.ok) {
+      return oauthError("invalid_client_metadata", "Payload too large", 400);
+    }
+    let body: unknown;
+    try {
+      body = JSON.parse(read.text);
+    } catch {
+      return oauthError("invalid_client_metadata", "Invalid JSON", 400);
+    }
+
+    const parsed = registrationSchema.safeParse(body);
+    if (!parsed.success) {
+      annotate({ action: { name: "mcp.oauth.register.invalid" } });
+      return oauthError(
+        "invalid_client_metadata",
+        "redirect_uris is required and must contain HTTPS or loopback URLs",
+        400,
+      );
+    }
+
+    const client = registerDcrClient({
+      clientName: parsed.data.client_name ?? "MCP client",
+      redirectUris: parsed.data.redirect_uris,
+    });
+
+    annotate({
+      action: { name: "mcp.oauth.register.issued" },
+      meta: { source: "dcr", redirect_uri_count: client.redirectUris.length },
+    });
+
+    // RFC 7591 client-information response for a public client.
+    return Response.json(
+      {
+        client_id: client.clientId,
+        client_id_issued_at: Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000),
+        redirect_uris: client.redirectUris,
+        client_name: client.clientName,
+        token_endpoint_auth_method: "none",
+        grant_types: ["authorization_code", "refresh_token"],
+        response_types: ["code"],
+      },
+      { status: 201 },
+    );
+  });
+}

src/app/api/mcp/oauth/token/route.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,411 @@
+/**
+ * Token endpoint (OAuth 2.1) — `authorization_code` + `refresh_token` grants.
+ *
+ * Exchanges the bridge AS's self-describing artifacts for a REAL `hlk_`
+ * `ApiToken` (the access token) minted through `issue-token.ts` with EXACTLY
+ * the scopes the authorization code carried — `health:read`, or
+ * `health:read health:write` when the user consented to logging (ADR-006). A
+ * `health:write` token is still audience-bound to `/mcp`. The access token is
+ * therefore an ordinary
+ * Bearer the `/mcp` resolver already understands — bound to `<userId>:<tokenId>`
+ * (REQ-SEC-11), revocable, and short-lived. There is no token passthrough: the
+ * MCP layer never forwards a client-presented upstream credential.
+ *
+ * Gates:
+ *   - PKCE — the presented `code_verifier` MUST hash (S256) to the
+ *     `code_challenge` bound into the authorization code.
+ *   - Single use — the code's `jti` is claimed once through the atomic
+ *     rate-limit upsert; a replay within the TTL is rejected.
+ *   - Audience — the code's bound `resource` MUST equal the canonical `/mcp`
+ *     URI (RFC 8707); a `resource` parameter, when sent, must match too.
+ *   - Client binding — the `client_id` presented at `/token` MUST equal the one
+ *     the code was issued to.
+ *
+ * Refresh tokens rotate on every use (OAuth 2.1 public-client rotation): a fresh
+ * access + refresh pair is returned and the presented refresh `jti` is claimed
+ * so it cannot be reused.
+ */
+import { randomUUID } from "node:crypto";
+
+import { NextRequest } from "next/server";
+
+import { annotate } from "@/lib/logging/context";
+import { withBackgroundEvent } from "@/lib/logging/background";
+import { auditLog } from "@/lib/auth/audit";
+import { issueApiToken } from "@/lib/auth/issue-token";
+import { isApiGloballyEnabled } from "@/lib/app-settings";
+import {
+  checkRateLimit,
+  checkAuthSurfaceRateLimit,
+  rateLimitHeaders,
+} from "@/lib/rate-limit";
+import {
+  ACCESS_TOKEN_TTL_MINUTES,
+  audienceMatches,
+  isMcpOriginConfigured,
+  REFRESH_TOKEN_TTL_DAYS,
+  SCOPE_HEALTH_READ,
+  SCOPE_HEALTH_WRITE,
+} from "@/lib/mcp/oauth/config";
+import { signArtifact, verifyArtifact } from "@/lib/mcp/oauth/artifacts";
+import { verifyPkceS256 } from "@/lib/mcp/oauth/pkce";
+import {
+  createConnection,
+  rotateConnection,
+} from "@/lib/mcp/oauth/connections";
+
+export const runtime = "nodejs";
+export const dynamic = "force-dynamic";
+
+const TOKEN_LIMIT = 120;
+const TOKEN_WINDOW_MS = 15 * 60 * 1000;
+
+function oauthError(
+  error: string,
+  description: string,
+  status = 400,
+): Response {
+  return Response.json(
+    { error, error_description: description },
+    { status, headers: { "Cache-Control": "no-store", Pragma: "no-cache" } },
+  );
+}
+
+function tokenSuccess(body: Record<string, unknown>): Response {
+  return Response.json(body, {
+    headers: { "Cache-Control": "no-store", Pragma: "no-cache" },
+  });
+}
+
+/** Claim a one-time-use jti through the atomic limiter (limit 1 ⇒ single use). */
+async function claimJti(
+  kind: string,
+  jti: string,
+  ttlMs: number,
+): Promise<boolean> {
+  if (typeof jti !== "string" || jti.length === 0) return false;
+  const rl = await checkRateLimit(`oauth:jti:${kind}:${jti}`, 1, ttlMs);
+  return rl.allowed;
+}
+
+interface AuthCodeClaims {
+  jti: string;
+  sub: string;
+  client_id: string;
+  client_name?: string;
+  redirect_uri: string;
+  code_challenge: string;
+  scope: string;
+  resource: string;
+}
+
+interface RefreshClaims {
+  jti: string;
+  /** Connection id — the persistent, revocable anchor for the chain (H2). */
+  cid?: string;
+  sub: string;
+  client_id: string;
+  scope: string;
+  resource: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Mint the access token (+ refresh artifact when `offline_access` is granted).
+ *
+ * `connectionId` is the persistent anchor for the refresh chain (H2): the access
+ * token is linked to it (so a connection revoke kills it) and the refresh
+ * artifact carries it (`cid`). `refreshJti` is the connection's new
+ * `currentJti` — for the `authorization_code` grant the caller has just created
+ * the connection seeded with it; for `refresh_token` the caller has just
+ * advanced the connection to it.
+ */
+async function mintTokenPair(args: {
+  userId: string;
+  clientId: string;
+  scope: string;
+  resource: string;
+  grant: "authorization_code" | "refresh_token";
+  connectionId?: string;
+  refreshJti?: string;
+}): Promise<Response> {
+  // Grant EXACTLY the scopes the authorization code carried (read, or
+  // read+write). `health:read` is always present; `health:write` is added
+  // only when the user consented to it at the authorize step. The token is
+  // never widened beyond the approved grant, and `offline_access` is a
+  // refresh-continuity marker, not an API permission.
+  const grantedScopes = new Set(args.scope.split(/\s+/).filter(Boolean));
+  const permissions = [SCOPE_HEALTH_READ];
+  if (grantedScopes.has(SCOPE_HEALTH_WRITE)) {
+    permissions.push(SCOPE_HEALTH_WRITE);
+  }
+
+  const access = await issueApiToken({
+    userId: args.userId,
+    name: "MCP connector",
+    permissions,
+    expiresInMinutes: ACCESS_TOKEN_TTL_MINUTES,
+    ...(args.connectionId ? { mcpConnectionId: args.connectionId } : {}),
+  });
+
+  const refresh =
+    args.connectionId && args.refreshJti
+      ? signArtifact(
+          "refreshToken",
+          {
+            jti: args.refreshJti,
+            cid: args.connectionId,
+            sub: args.userId,
+            client_id: args.clientId,
+            scope: args.scope,
+            resource: args.resource,
+          },
+          REFRESH_TOKEN_TTL_DAYS * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000,
+        )
+      : undefined;
+
+  await auditLog("mcp.oauth.token.issued", {
+    userId: args.userId,
+    details: { client_id: args.clientId, grant: args.grant, scope: args.scope },
+  });
+  annotate({
+    action: { name: "mcp.oauth.token.issued" },
+    meta: { grant: args.grant },
+  });
+
+  return tokenSuccess({
+    access_token: access.token,
+    token_type: "Bearer",
+    expires_in: ACCESS_TOKEN_TTL_MINUTES * 60,
+    scope: args.scope,
+    ...(refresh ? { refresh_token: refresh } : {}),
+  });
+}
+
+export async function POST(request: NextRequest): Promise<Response> {
+  return withBackgroundEvent("mcp.oauth.token", async () => {
+    // M1 — fail closed without a pinned origin; M4 — honour the operator's
+    // global API kill-switch. Either off and the bridge mints no tokens.
+    if (!isMcpOriginConfigured() || !(await isApiGloballyEnabled())) {
+      return oauthError(
+        "temporarily_unavailable",
+        "The MCP OAuth surface is unavailable",
+        503,
+      );
+    }
+
+    const rl = await checkAuthSurfaceRateLimit(
+      request,
+      "mcp:oauth:token",
+      TOKEN_LIMIT,
+      TOKEN_WINDOW_MS,
+    );
+    if (!rl.allowed) {
+      return Response.json(
+        { error: "temporarily_unavailable" },
+        {
+          status: 429,
+          headers: rateLimitHeaders({
+            allowed: false,
+            remaining: rl.remaining,
+            resetAt: rl.resetAt,
+          }),
+        },
+      );
+    }
+
+    let form: FormData;
+    try {
+      form = await request.formData();
+    } catch {
+      return oauthError(
+        "invalid_request",
+        "Expected application/x-www-form-urlencoded body",
+      );
+    }
+    const get = (k: string): string | undefined => {
+      const v = form.get(k);
+      return typeof v === "string" ? v : undefined;
+    };
+
+    const grantType = get("grant_type");
+
+    if (grantType === "authorization_code") {
+      const code = get("code");
+      const verifier = get("code_verifier");
+      const clientId = get("client_id");
+      const redirectUri = get("redirect_uri");
+
+      if (!code || !verifier || !clientId || !redirectUri) {
+        return oauthError(
+          "invalid_request",
+          "Missing code, code_verifier, client_id, or redirect_uri",
+        );
+      }
+
+      const verified = verifyArtifact<AuthCodeClaims>("authCode", code);
+      if (!verified.ok) {
+        annotate({ action: { name: "mcp.oauth.token.code_rejected" } });
+        return oauthError(
+          "invalid_grant",
+          "Authorization code is invalid or expired",
+        );
+      }
+      const claims = verified.claims;
+
+      // Client + redirect binding.
+      if (
+        claims.client_id !== clientId ||
+        claims.redirect_uri !== redirectUri
+      ) {
+        return oauthError(
+          "invalid_grant",
+          "Authorization code was issued to a different client/redirect",
+        );
+      }
+      // Audience: a resource parameter, if present, must also match.
+      const resourceParam = get("resource");
+      if (resourceParam && !audienceMatches(resourceParam, request.url)) {
+        return oauthError(
+          "invalid_target",
+          "resource does not match the bound audience",
+        );
+      }
+      if (!audienceMatches(claims.resource, request.url)) {
+        return oauthError(
+          "invalid_target",
+          "Authorization code is bound to a different audience",
+        );
+      }
+      // PKCE.
+      if (!verifyPkceS256(verifier, claims.code_challenge)) {
+        annotate({ action: { name: "mcp.oauth.token.pkce_failed" } });
+        return oauthError("invalid_grant", "PKCE verification failed");
+      }
+      // Single use — claim the code's jti.
+      if (!(await claimJti("code", claims.jti, 5 * 60 * 1000))) {
+        annotate({ action: { name: "mcp.oauth.token.code_replayed" } });
+        return oauthError(
+          "invalid_grant",
+          "Authorization code has already been used",
+        );
+      }
+
+      // H2 — when offline_access is granted, create the persistent, revocable
+      // connection anchor seeded with the first refresh jti. Without it the
+      // refresh chain would be stateless and un-revocable.
+      const offlineGranted = claims.scope
+        .split(/\s+/)
+        .includes("offline_access");
+      let connectionId: string | undefined;
+      let refreshJti: string | undefined;
+      if (offlineGranted) {
+        refreshJti = randomUUID();
+        connectionId = await createConnection({
+          userId: claims.sub,
+          clientId: claims.client_id,
+          clientName: claims.client_name ?? "MCP client",
+          scope: claims.scope,
+          resource: claims.resource,
+          jti: refreshJti,
+        });
+      }
+
+      return mintTokenPair({
+        userId: claims.sub,
+        clientId: claims.client_id,
+        scope: claims.scope,
+        resource: claims.resource,
+        grant: "authorization_code",
+        connectionId,
+        refreshJti,
+      });
+    }
+
+    if (grantType === "refresh_token") {
+      const refreshToken = get("refresh_token");
+      const clientId = get("client_id");
+      if (!refreshToken || !clientId) {
+        return oauthError(
+          "invalid_request",
+          "Missing refresh_token or client_id",
+        );
+      }
+
+      const verified = verifyArtifact<RefreshClaims>(
+        "refreshToken",
+        refreshToken,
+      );
+      if (!verified.ok) {
+        return oauthError(
+          "invalid_grant",
+          "Refresh token is invalid or expired",
+        );
+      }
+      const claims = verified.claims;
+      if (claims.client_id !== clientId) {
+        return oauthError(
+          "invalid_grant",
+          "Refresh token was issued to a different client",
+        );
+      }
+      if (!audienceMatches(claims.resource, request.url)) {
+        return oauthError(
+          "invalid_target",
+          "Refresh token is bound to a different audience",
+        );
+      }
+
+      // H2 — rotation against the persistent connection anchor. The connection's
+      // `currentJti` is the single valid refresh jti; presenting any other (an
+      // already-rotated artifact) is a replay that revokes the whole connection
+      // (reuse-detection family revocation). A revoked connection always fails,
+      // so the settings "revoke" terminates the chain.
+      if (!claims.cid) {
+        return oauthError(
+          "invalid_grant",
+          "Refresh token is not bound to a connection",
+        );
+      }
+      const newJti = randomUUID();
+      const rotation = await rotateConnection({
+        connectionId: claims.cid,
+        presentedJti: claims.jti,
+        newJti,
+        clientId: claims.client_id,
+        userId: claims.sub,
+      });
+      if (!rotation.ok) {
+        annotate({
+          action: {
+            name:
+              rotation.reason === "reuse_detected"
+                ? "mcp.oauth.token.refresh_reuse_detected"
+                : "mcp.oauth.token.refresh_rejected",
+          },
+          meta: { reason: rotation.reason },
+        });
+        return oauthError(
+          "invalid_grant",
+          rotation.reason === "reuse_detected"
+            ? "Refresh token reuse detected; the connection was revoked"
+            : "Refresh token is invalid, revoked, or already used",
+        );
+      }
+
+      return mintTokenPair({
+        userId: claims.sub,
+        clientId: claims.client_id,
+        scope: claims.scope,
+        resource: claims.resource,
+        grant: "refresh_token",
+        connectionId: claims.cid,
+        refreshJti: newJti,
+      });
+    }
+
+    return oauthError(
+      "unsupported_grant_type",
+      "Only authorization_code and refresh_token are supported",
+    );
+  });
+}

src/app/api/mcp/tokens/[id]/route.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/**
+ * Revoke an MCP connector token. Only the owning user can revoke; the scope
+ * filter keeps this endpoint to `health:read` tokens so it can never revoke a
+ * differently-scoped credential by id alone.
+ */
+import { apiHandler, requireAuth } from "@/lib/api-handler";
+import { apiError, apiSuccess } from "@/lib/api-response";
+import { annotate } from "@/lib/logging/context";
+import { auditLog } from "@/lib/auth/audit";
+import { isApiGloballyEnabled } from "@/lib/app-settings";
+import { prisma } from "@/lib/db";
+import { SCOPE_HEALTH_READ } from "@/lib/mcp/oauth/config";
+
+type RouteParams = { params: Promise<{ id: string }> };
+
+export const DELETE = apiHandler(
+  async (_request: Request, { params }: RouteParams) => {
+    const { user } = await requireAuth();
+    annotate({ action: { name: "mcp.tokens.revoke" } });
+
+    if (!(await isApiGloballyEnabled())) {
+      return apiError("API is globally disabled", 403);
+    }
+
+    const { id } = await params;
+    const token = await prisma.apiToken.findUnique({ where: { id } });
+
+    if (
+      !token ||
+      token.userId !== user.id ||
+      !token.permissions.includes(SCOPE_HEALTH_READ)
+    ) {
+      return apiError("Token not found", 404);
+    }
+
+    await prisma.apiToken.update({ where: { id }, data: { revoked: true } });
+    await auditLog("mcp.tokens.revoke", {
+      userId: user.id,
+      details: { tokenId: id },
+    });
+
+    return apiSuccess({ revoked: true });
+  },
+);

src/app/api/mcp/tokens/__tests__/route.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/**
+ * Guard: the MCP connector mint endpoint mints ONLY the two allowed scope
+ * shapes — `["health:read"]` (default) or `["health:read","health:write"]` —
+ * and never a wildcard or any other grant.
+ */
+import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach } from "vitest";
+import { NextRequest } from "next/server";
+
+vi.mock("@/lib/db", () => ({
+  prisma: {
+    apiToken: { findMany: vi.fn() },
+    auditLog: { create: vi.fn() },
+  },
+}));
+vi.mock("@/lib/auth/session", () => ({ getSession: vi.fn() }));
+vi.mock("@/lib/auth/hmac", () => ({ hashToken: (s: string) => `hash(${s})` }));
+vi.mock("@/lib/app-settings", () => ({ isApiGloballyEnabled: vi.fn() }));
+vi.mock("@/lib/logging/transports", () => ({ emitIfSampled: vi.fn() }));
+vi.mock("@/lib/auth/audit", () => ({
+  auditLog: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined),
+}));
+vi.mock("@/lib/auth/issue-token", () => ({
+  issueApiToken: vi.fn(),
+}));
+vi.mock("next/headers", () => ({
+  headers: vi.fn(async () => ({ get: () => null })),
+  cookies: vi.fn(async () => ({ get: () => undefined })),
+}));
+
+import { POST } from "../route";
+import { getSession } from "@/lib/auth/session";
+import { isApiGloballyEnabled } from "@/lib/app-settings";
+import { issueApiToken } from "@/lib/auth/issue-token";
+
+const SESSION_OK = {
+  session: { id: "sess-1", expiresAt: new Date(Date.now() + 3_600_000) },
+  user: { id: "user-1", username: "tester", role: "USER" as const },
+};
+
+function postReq(body: unknown): NextRequest {
+  return new NextRequest("http://localhost/api/mcp/tokens", {
+    method: "POST",
+    headers: { "content-type": "application/json" },
+    body: JSON.stringify(body),
+  });
+}
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+  vi.resetAllMocks();
+  vi.mocked(getSession).mockResolvedValue(SESSION_OK as never);
+  vi.mocked(isApiGloballyEnabled).mockResolvedValue(true);
+  vi.mocked(issueApiToken).mockResolvedValue({
+    token: "hlk_abc",
+    tokenId: "tok-1",
+    name: "n",
+    expiresAt: new Date(),
+  } as never);
+});
+
+describe("POST /api/mcp/tokens — scope minting", () => {
+  it("defaults to read-only [health:read]", async () => {
+    const res = await POST(postReq({ name: "laptop" }));
+    expect(res.status).toBe(201);
+    expect(issueApiToken).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.objectContaining({ permissions: ["health:read"] }),
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("mints read+write when scope=read_write", async () => {
+    const res = await POST(postReq({ name: "laptop", scope: "read_write" }));
+    expect(res.status).toBe(201);
+    expect(issueApiToken).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.objectContaining({
+        permissions: ["health:read", "health:write"],
+      }),
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("rejects any scope outside the closed set (no wildcard path)", async () => {
+    for (const bad of ["*", "admin", "health:write", "write", "read_admin"]) {
+      vi.mocked(issueApiToken).mockClear();
+      const res = await POST(postReq({ name: "x", scope: bad }));
+      expect(res.status).toBe(422);
+      expect(issueApiToken).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("never mints a wildcard for any input", async () => {
+    await POST(postReq({ name: "a" }));
+    await POST(postReq({ name: "b", scope: "read_write" }));
+    for (const call of vi.mocked(issueApiToken).mock.calls) {
+      expect(call[0].permissions).not.toContain("*");
+    }
+  });
+});

src/app/api/mcp/tokens/route.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+/**
+ * MCP connector tokens — list + mint.
+ *
+ * The MCP settings card mints a DEDICATED `health:read`-scoped Bearer here (NOT
+ * the `medication:ingest` scope the generic `/api/tokens` mints, and NEVER the
+ * `["*"]` wildcard). The raw `hlk_` value is shown once. This is the manual /
+ * stdio / power-user path; the OAuth bridge (`/api/mcp/oauth/*`) mints the same
+ * `health:read` scope automatically for cloud connectors. Both surface here so
+ * the user can see and revoke every credential that can read over MCP.
+ *
+ * `userId` is always narrowed from the session — never a body field. The
+ * caller may choose ONE of exactly two shapes via `scope`: `read` →
+ * `["health:read"]` (default) or `read_write` → `["health:read",
+ * "health:write"]`. The `permissions` array is built explicitly from that
+ * closed choice, so this endpoint can never be coerced into minting a
+ * wildcard or any other grant (no mass assignment). A `health:write` token is
+ * still audience-bound to `/mcp` (the resource-server guard refuses it on
+ * every REST write) — it only admits the confirmed in-process write tools.
+ */
+import { NextRequest } from "next/server";
+import { z } from "zod/v4";
+
+import { apiHandler, requireAuth } from "@/lib/api-handler";
+import {
+  apiError,
+  apiSuccess,
+  returnAllZodIssues,
+  safeJson,
+} from "@/lib/api-response";
+import { annotate } from "@/lib/logging/context";
+import { auditLog } from "@/lib/auth/audit";
+import { issueApiToken } from "@/lib/auth/issue-token";
+import { isApiGloballyEnabled } from "@/lib/app-settings";
+import { prisma } from "@/lib/db";
+import { SCOPE_HEALTH_READ, SCOPE_HEALTH_WRITE } from "@/lib/mcp/oauth/config";
+
+const createSchema = z.object({
+  name: z.string().min(1, "Name required").max(100),
+  expiresInDays: z.number().int().min(1).max(365).optional(),
+  // The ONLY two scope shapes this endpoint will mint. `read` (default) is the
+  // least-privilege read token; `read_write` adds `health:write` so the
+  // confirmed `/mcp` write tools become available. Anything else is rejected
+  // by the enum — the endpoint can never mint a wildcard or arbitrary grant.
+  scope: z.enum(["read", "read_write"]).optional().default("read"),
+});
+
+export const GET = apiHandler(async () => {
+  const { user } = await requireAuth();
+  annotate({ action: { name: "mcp.tokens.list" } });
+
+  if (!(await isApiGloballyEnabled())) {
+    return apiError("API is globally disabled", 403);
+  }
+
+  // M2 — list only manually-minted connector tokens. OAuth access rows
+  // (`mcpConnectionId != null`) are transient 60-minute credentials that would
+  // flood this list; they are surfaced (and revoked) as connections instead.
+  const tokens = await prisma.apiToken.findMany({
+    where: {
+      userId: user.id,
+      permissions: { has: SCOPE_HEALTH_READ },
+      mcpConnectionId: null,
+    },
+    select: {
+      id: true,
+      name: true,
+      permissions: true,
+      lastUsedAt: true,
+      expiresAt: true,
+      createdAt: true,
+      revoked: true,
+    },
+    orderBy: { createdAt: "desc" },
+  });
+
+  return apiSuccess(tokens);
+});
+
+export const POST = apiHandler(async (request: NextRequest) => {
+  const { user } = await requireAuth();
+  annotate({ action: { name: "mcp.tokens.create" } });
+
+  if (!(await isApiGloballyEnabled())) {
+    return apiError("API is globally disabled", 403);
+  }
+
+  const { data: body, error: jsonError } = await safeJson(request, {
+    maxBytes: 16 * 1024,
+  });
+  if (jsonError) return jsonError;
+
+  const parsed = createSchema.safeParse(body);
+  if (!parsed.success) {
+    return returnAllZodIssues(parsed.error, 422);
+  }
+
+  // Build the permission array explicitly from the closed scope choice —
+  // never spread, never wildcard. `read` → read-only; `read_write` → read plus
+  // the `/mcp`-audience-bound write scope.
+  const permissions =
+    parsed.data.scope === "read_write"
+      ? [SCOPE_HEALTH_READ, SCOPE_HEALTH_WRITE]
+      : [SCOPE_HEALTH_READ];
+
+  const issued = await issueApiToken({
+    userId: user.id,
+    name: parsed.data.name,
+    permissions,
+    expiresInDays: parsed.data.expiresInDays ?? 90,
+  });
+
+  await auditLog("mcp.tokens.create", {
+    userId: user.id,
+    details: { tokenId: issued.tokenId, scope: permissions.join(" ") },
+  });
+
+  // Return the raw token ONCE — it can never be retrieved again.
+  return apiSuccess(
+    { token: issued.token, name: issued.name, expiresAt: issued.expiresAt },
+    201,
+  );
+});