diff --git a/src/__tests__/baselines/import-cycles.json b/src/__tests__/baselines/import-cycles.json
index ba40e52d7..8a2c22e85 100644
--- a/src/__tests__/baselines/import-cycles.json
+++ b/src/__tests__/baselines/import-cycles.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "$comment": "Runtime import cycles under src/: the back-edge count and the strongly connected components. Maintained by src/__tests__/import-cycle-guard.test.ts.",
-  "cycles": 7,
+  "cycles": 6,
   "components": [
     [
       "components/command-palette/command-palette.tsx",
@@ -18,11 +18,6 @@
       "lib/medications/scheduling/compliance.ts",
       "lib/medications/scheduling/schedule-eras.ts"
     ],
-    [
-      "lib/integrations/oauth-kit/connect-target.ts",
-      "lib/managed-profiles/lifecycle.ts",
-      "lib/sharing/grants.ts"
-    ],
     [
       "lib/cycle/gate.ts",
       "lib/modules/gate.ts"
diff --git a/src/__tests__/baselines/source-file-lines.json b/src/__tests__/baselines/source-file-lines.json
index f6b268ac4..3046040e8 100644
--- a/src/__tests__/baselines/source-file-lines.json
+++ b/src/__tests__/baselines/source-file-lines.json
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
   "$comment": "Production files over 800 lines and their length. Maintained by src/__tests__/source-size-ratchet.test.ts.",
   "count": 120,
-  "total": 141792,
+  "total": 141553,
   "entries": {
     "app/api/dashboard/summary/route.ts": 1032,
     "app/api/documents/inbound/route.ts": 811,
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@
     "lib/polar/client.ts": 1010,
     "lib/rollups/measurement-rollups.ts": 1496,
     "lib/search/search-records.ts": 996,
-    "lib/sharing/grants.ts": 1046,
+    "lib/sharing/grants.ts": 807,
     "lib/support/report.ts": 905,
     "lib/telegram-webhook-handlers.ts": 1341,
     "lib/validations/inbound-documents.ts": 1130,
diff --git a/src/__tests__/baselines/version-stamp-comments.json b/src/__tests__/baselines/version-stamp-comments.json
index 61a2cd86c..6514d9799 100644
--- a/src/__tests__/baselines/version-stamp-comments.json
+++ b/src/__tests__/baselines/version-stamp-comments.json
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
   "$comment": "Comment lines that open with a release version, per file under src/. Maintained by src/__tests__/version-stamp-ratchet.test.ts.",
   "count": 2954,
-  "total": 10481,
+  "total": 10480,
   "entries": {
     "__tests__/account-payload-consumer-guard.test.ts": 2,
     "__tests__/acting-account-boundary-guard.test.ts": 7,
@@ -2819,7 +2819,7 @@
     "lib/sharing/audit-details.ts": 1,
     "lib/sharing/delegated-generation.ts": 1,
     "lib/sharing/grant-view.ts": 2,
-    "lib/sharing/grants.ts": 4,
+    "lib/sharing/grants.ts": 3,
     "lib/sharing/module-disclosure.ts": 1,
     "lib/sharing/record-session-fence-contract.ts": 1,
     "lib/sharing/record-session-fence.ts": 1,
diff --git a/src/__tests__/sharing-scope-contract.test.ts b/src/__tests__/sharing-scope-contract.test.ts
index 469f69b83..dc0b6e76c 100644
--- a/src/__tests__/sharing-scope-contract.test.ts
+++ b/src/__tests__/sharing-scope-contract.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 
-import { grantCoversDomain, normaliseScope } from "@/lib/sharing/grants";
+import { grantCoversDomain, normaliseScope } from "@/lib/sharing/grant-access";
 import { SHARE_DOMAINS } from "@/lib/sharing/scope";
 import { inviteGrantSchema } from "@/lib/validations/account-sharing";
 
diff --git a/src/app/api/account/switch/route.ts b/src/app/api/account/switch/route.ts
index 073f739c5..eecb91dc8 100644
--- a/src/app/api/account/switch/route.ts
+++ b/src/app/api/account/switch/route.ts
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ import {
   pointSessionAt,
   pointSessionAtIfUnchanged,
 } from "@/lib/sharing/acting-session";
-import { findActiveGrant } from "@/lib/sharing/grants";
+import { findActiveGrant } from "@/lib/sharing/grant-access";
 import { switchAccountSchema } from "@/lib/validations/account-sharing";
 
 export const POST = apiHandler(async (request: NextRequest) => {
diff --git a/src/app/api/auth/me/sessions/route.ts b/src/app/api/auth/me/sessions/route.ts
index 9f256b4f4..7e4c9c97c 100644
--- a/src/app/api/auth/me/sessions/route.ts
+++ b/src/app/api/auth/me/sessions/route.ts
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ import {
 } from "@/lib/auth/session";
 import { lookupIpLocation } from "@/lib/geo";
 import { GRANT_PARTY_SELECT } from "@/lib/sharing/grant-view";
-import { isGrantActive } from "@/lib/sharing/grants";
+import { isGrantActive } from "@/lib/sharing/grant-access";
 import { coarseDeviceLabel, maskIp } from "@/lib/auth/device-fingerprint";
 
 export const dynamic = "force-dynamic";
diff --git a/src/lib/__tests__/idempotency.test.ts b/src/lib/__tests__/idempotency.test.ts
index 37efb2d1c..089047d44 100644
--- a/src/lib/__tests__/idempotency.test.ts
+++ b/src/lib/__tests__/idempotency.test.ts
@@ -54,13 +54,13 @@ import {
 } from "../idempotency";
 import { prisma } from "@/lib/db";
 import { getSession } from "@/lib/auth/session";
-vi.mock("@/lib/sharing/grants", () => ({
+vi.mock("@/lib/sharing/grant-access", () => ({
   findActiveGrant: vi.fn(),
 }));
 
 import { createHash } from "node:crypto";
 import { headers } from "next/headers";
-import { findActiveGrant } from "@/lib/sharing/grants";
+import { findActiveGrant } from "@/lib/sharing/grant-access";
 
 /** A live WRITE grant, whole record, as `delegatedGrantFacet` reads it. */
 const GRANT = { id: "grant-1", access: "WRITE", scopeJson: null };
diff --git a/src/lib/__tests__/require-record-auth-scope.test.ts b/src/lib/__tests__/require-record-auth-scope.test.ts
index e8fc344de..1cc2cd3ea 100644
--- a/src/lib/__tests__/require-record-auth-scope.test.ts
+++ b/src/lib/__tests__/require-record-auth-scope.test.ts
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ vi.mock("@/lib/auth/audit", () => ({
 }));
 vi.mock("@/lib/logging/transports", () => ({ emitIfSampled: vi.fn() }));
 
-vi.mock("@/lib/sharing/grants", () => ({
+vi.mock("@/lib/sharing/grant-access", () => ({
   findActiveGrant: vi.fn(),
   grantAllows: vi.fn(() => true),
   grantCoversDomain: vi.fn(() => true),
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ import { prisma } from "@/lib/db";
 import { getSession } from "@/lib/auth/session";
 import { hashToken } from "@/lib/auth/hmac";
 import { auditLog } from "@/lib/auth/audit";
-import { findActiveGrant } from "@/lib/sharing/grants";
+import { findActiveGrant } from "@/lib/sharing/grant-access";
 import { ACCOUNT_SELECTOR_HEADER } from "@/lib/auth/acting-carrier";
 import { MEASUREMENTS_WRITE_SCOPE } from "@/lib/measurements/scopes";
 
diff --git a/src/lib/ai/capabilities/__tests__/egress.test.ts b/src/lib/ai/capabilities/__tests__/egress.test.ts
index 6b81d3d2f..38769bfcb 100644
--- a/src/lib/ai/capabilities/__tests__/egress.test.ts
+++ b/src/lib/ai/capabilities/__tests__/egress.test.ts
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ let auth: Record<string, unknown> | undefined;
 vi.mock("@/lib/logging/context", () => ({
   getEvent: () => ({ getAuth: () => auth, addWarning: vi.fn() }),
 }));
-vi.mock("@/lib/sharing/grants", async (importOriginal) => ({
-  ...(await importOriginal<typeof import("@/lib/sharing/grants")>()),
+vi.mock("@/lib/sharing/grant-access", async (importOriginal) => ({
+  ...(await importOriginal<typeof import("@/lib/sharing/grant-access")>()),
   findActiveGrant: vi.fn(),
 }));
 vi.mock("../load", () => ({ loadAiCapabilityInputs: vi.fn() }));
diff --git a/src/lib/ai/capabilities/__tests__/gate.test.ts b/src/lib/ai/capabilities/__tests__/gate.test.ts
index e05add81a..a0cf0f8eb 100644
--- a/src/lib/ai/capabilities/__tests__/gate.test.ts
+++ b/src/lib/ai/capabilities/__tests__/gate.test.ts
@@ -9,14 +9,14 @@ let auth: Record<string, unknown> | undefined;
 vi.mock("@/lib/logging/context", () => ({
   getEvent: () => ({ getAuth: () => auth, addWarning: vi.fn() }),
 }));
-vi.mock("@/lib/sharing/grants", async (importOriginal) => ({
-  ...(await importOriginal<typeof import("@/lib/sharing/grants")>()),
+vi.mock("@/lib/sharing/grant-access", async (importOriginal) => ({
+  ...(await importOriginal<typeof import("@/lib/sharing/grant-access")>()),
   findActiveGrant: vi.fn(),
 }));
 vi.mock("../load", () => ({ loadAiCapabilityInputs: vi.fn() }));
 vi.mock("@/lib/db", () => ({ prisma: {} }));
 
-import { findActiveGrant } from "@/lib/sharing/grants";
+import { findActiveGrant } from "@/lib/sharing/grant-access";
 import { MODULE_KEYS, type ModuleKey } from "@/lib/modules/registry";
 import type { ModuleAccessState } from "@/lib/sharing/module-disclosure";
 
diff --git a/src/lib/ai/capabilities/gate.ts b/src/lib/ai/capabilities/gate.ts
index d558c483b..b490a06ac 100644
--- a/src/lib/ai/capabilities/gate.ts
+++ b/src/lib/ai/capabilities/gate.ts
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
  *   consent_required          → `consent.ai.required`
  *   check_failed              → `ai.unavailable`; 503
  */
-import { findActiveGrant } from "@/lib/sharing/grants";
+import { findActiveGrant } from "@/lib/sharing/grant-access";
 import { resolveGrantSections } from "@/lib/sharing/grant-view";
 import { getEvent } from "@/lib/logging/context";
 import { providerWorkAuthorityForRecord } from "@/lib/sharing/provider-work-authority";
diff --git a/src/lib/auth/guards/record.ts b/src/lib/auth/guards/record.ts
index 30e1e68b0..076450841 100644
--- a/src/lib/auth/guards/record.ts
+++ b/src/lib/auth/guards/record.ts
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import {
   grantCoversDomain,
   touchGrantUsage,
   type GrantNeed,
-} from "@/lib/sharing/grants";
+} from "@/lib/sharing/grant-access";
 import type { ShareScope } from "@/lib/sharing/scope";
 import { assertRecordSessionFence } from "@/lib/sharing/record-session-fence";
 import {
diff --git a/src/lib/idempotency.ts b/src/lib/idempotency.ts
index 7b374faf3..278f76875 100644
--- a/src/lib/idempotency.ts
+++ b/src/lib/idempotency.ts
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ import { refuseStaleRecordSessionClaim } from "@/lib/sharing/record-session-fenc
 import { hashToken } from "@/lib/auth/hmac";
 import { annotate } from "@/lib/logging/context";
 import { isP2002 } from "@/lib/prisma-errors";
-import { findActiveGrant } from "@/lib/sharing/grants";
+import { findActiveGrant } from "@/lib/sharing/grant-access";
 import { decrypt, encrypt } from "@/lib/crypto";
 import { createHash } from "node:crypto";
 import { looksSecretShaped } from "@/lib/secret-shape";
diff --git a/src/lib/integrations/oauth-kit/__tests__/connect-target.test.ts b/src/lib/integrations/oauth-kit/__tests__/connect-target.test.ts
index e83fc2082..c1f7555cb 100644
--- a/src/lib/integrations/oauth-kit/__tests__/connect-target.test.ts
+++ b/src/lib/integrations/oauth-kit/__tests__/connect-target.test.ts
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ const { findUnique, update, findActiveGrant, auditLog } = vi.hoisted(() => ({
 
 vi.mock("@/lib/db", () => ({ prisma: { user: { findUnique, update } } }));
 vi.mock("@/lib/auth/audit", () => ({ auditLog }));
-vi.mock("@/lib/sharing/grants", () => ({
+vi.mock("@/lib/sharing/grant-access", () => ({
   findActiveGrant,
   grantAllows: (
     grant: { access: string; revokedAt: Date | null },
diff --git a/src/lib/integrations/oauth-kit/connect-target.ts b/src/lib/integrations/oauth-kit/connect-target.ts
index 2289d320e..fd7028a7b 100644
--- a/src/lib/integrations/oauth-kit/connect-target.ts
+++ b/src/lib/integrations/oauth-kit/connect-target.ts
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 import { prisma } from "@/lib/db";
 import { Prisma } from "@/generated/prisma/client";
 import { auditLog } from "@/lib/auth/audit";
-import { findActiveGrant, grantAllows } from "@/lib/sharing/grants";
+import { findActiveGrant, grantAllows } from "@/lib/sharing/grant-access";
 import type { OAuthKitProvider } from "./token";
 
 export type CallbackActorVerdict =
diff --git a/src/lib/managed-profiles/guardian-list.ts b/src/lib/managed-profiles/guardian-list.ts
index db27a63d4..4d4184217 100644
--- a/src/lib/managed-profiles/guardian-list.ts
+++ b/src/lib/managed-profiles/guardian-list.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { prisma } from "@/lib/db";
 import { activeGuardianWhere } from "@/lib/managed-profiles/lifecycle";
-import { grantState } from "@/lib/sharing/grants";
+import { grantState } from "@/lib/sharing/grant-access";
 import { GRANT_PARTY_SELECT, type GrantParty } from "@/lib/sharing/grant-view";
 
 /**
diff --git a/src/lib/managed-profiles/handover.ts b/src/lib/managed-profiles/handover.ts
index b09ce6596..76e725663 100644
--- a/src/lib/managed-profiles/handover.ts
+++ b/src/lib/managed-profiles/handover.ts
@@ -51,10 +51,10 @@ import {
   type HandoverAccess,
 } from "@/lib/managed-profiles/handover-access";
 import {
-  isGrantActive,
   settleHandoverGuardianGrant,
   withdrawPendingGrantsOfRecord,
 } from "@/lib/sharing/grants";
+import { isGrantActive } from "@/lib/sharing/grant-access";
 import { isP2002 } from "@/lib/prisma-errors";
 import type { Prisma } from "@/generated/prisma/client";
 
diff --git a/src/lib/sharing/__tests__/grants.test.ts b/src/lib/sharing/__tests__/grants.test.ts
index 7aac92b03..d3f69ba1e 100644
--- a/src/lib/sharing/__tests__/grants.test.ts
+++ b/src/lib/sharing/__tests__/grants.test.ts
@@ -13,15 +13,15 @@
  */
 import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 
+import { inviteGrant } from "@/lib/sharing/grants";
 import {
   grantAllows,
   grantCoversDomain,
   grantState,
-  inviteGrant,
   isGrantActive,
   normaliseScope,
   type GrantLifecycle,
-} from "@/lib/sharing/grants";
+} from "@/lib/sharing/grant-access";
 import { SHARE_DOMAINS } from "@/lib/sharing/scope";
 import { Prisma } from "@/generated/prisma/client";
 import type { AccountGrant } from "@/generated/prisma/client";
diff --git a/src/lib/sharing/account-access.ts b/src/lib/sharing/account-access.ts
index 432dd8d1b..bd5d8d96a 100644
--- a/src/lib/sharing/account-access.ts
+++ b/src/lib/sharing/account-access.ts
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ import type {
 } from "@/lib/sharing/account-access-view";
 import { delegatedDomains } from "@/lib/sharing/domain-write-support";
 import { resolveGrantSections } from "@/lib/sharing/grant-view";
-import { grantAllows, isGrantActive } from "@/lib/sharing/grants";
+import { grantAllows, isGrantActive } from "@/lib/sharing/grant-access";
 import type { AccountGrantAccess } from "@/generated/prisma/client";
 
 /**
diff --git a/src/lib/sharing/acting-domains.ts b/src/lib/sharing/acting-domains.ts
index cbd0628c9..7be7a3d1a 100644
--- a/src/lib/sharing/acting-domains.ts
+++ b/src/lib/sharing/acting-domains.ts
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
  */
 import type { Prisma } from "@/generated/prisma/client";
 
-import { grantCoversDomain } from "@/lib/sharing/grants";
+import { grantCoversDomain } from "@/lib/sharing/grant-access";
 import type { ShareScope } from "@/lib/sharing/scope";
 
 export async function actingDomainVisibility(
diff --git a/src/lib/sharing/grant-access.ts b/src/lib/sharing/grant-access.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..99cfd6cbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/sharing/grant-access.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,267 @@
+/**
+ * What an account grant MEANS at a given instant: its state, whether it
+ * permits a need, whether it covers a section of the record, and the live
+ * grant for a pair. Pure predicates plus one read and one fire-and-forget
+ * stamp, and nothing that changes a grant.
+ *
+ * The transitions that DO change a grant (invite, accept, revoke, renounce,
+ * the managed-profile handover) are in `./grants.ts` and decide through the
+ * predicates here, so the resolver and the CRUD surface cannot carry two
+ * ideas of "active". They live apart because the transitions reach into the
+ * managed-profile lifecycle and the OAuth connect target, and those two read
+ * a live grant themselves: with the predicates in the same module, every
+ * reader of a grant was part of one import cycle.
+ */
+import { prisma } from "@/lib/db";
+import { ENTIRE_RECORD, isShareDomain } from "@/lib/sharing/scope";
+import type { ShareDomain, ShareScope } from "@/lib/sharing/scope";
+import type { Prisma } from "@/generated/prisma/client";
+import type {
+  AccountGrant,
+  AccountGrantAccess,
+} from "@/generated/prisma/client";
+
+/** The slice of a grant row the pure predicates read. */
+export interface GrantLifecycle {
+  acceptedAt: Date | null;
+  revokedAt: Date | null;
+  expiresAt: Date | null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * What a grant currently is.
+ *
+ * Ordering matters and is stated rather than left to the reader: a revoked
+ * grant reads REVOKED even if it also sat past its expiry, because somebody
+ * ended it and the record should say so. An invitation past its expiry reads
+ * EXPIRED rather than PENDING, because it can no longer be accepted. Only
+ * ACTIVE confers anything.
+ */
+export type GrantState = "REVOKED" | "EXPIRED" | "PENDING" | "ACTIVE";
+
+/** What a caller needs the grant to permit. */
+export type GrantNeed = "read" | "write" | "manage";
+
+/**
+ * The narrow client slice these functions need, so a caller can pass a
+ * transaction handle. Same shape as `issue-token.ts`.
+ */
+export type GrantDb = Pick<
+  Prisma.TransactionClient,
+  "accountGrant" | "auditLog"
+>;
+
+// ── The state machine, pure ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/** What this grant is, at `now`. */
+export function grantState(
+  grant: GrantLifecycle,
+  now: Date = new Date(),
+): GrantState {
+  if (grant.revokedAt !== null) return "REVOKED";
+  // `<=` matches the Bearer-token expiry comparison: the instant named is the
+  // first instant the grant no longer holds.
+  if (grant.expiresAt !== null && grant.expiresAt <= now) return "EXPIRED";
+  if (grant.acceptedAt === null) return "PENDING";
+  return "ACTIVE";
+}
+
+/**
+ * Does this grant confer anything right now?
+ *
+ * The one predicate the resolver asks. Deliberately derived from
+ * {@link grantState} rather than re-listing the conditions, so a fourth
+ * terminal state can never be added without this answering for it.
+ */
+export function isGrantActive(
+  grant: GrantLifecycle,
+  now: Date = new Date(),
+): boolean {
+  return grantState(grant, now) === "ACTIVE";
+}
+
+/**
+ * The three levels, ordered. Higher reaches everything lower.
+ *
+ * A total order rather than a set of capabilities per level, because that is
+ * what the consent screen says out loud: view, view and add, manage. Written
+ * as two tables rather than as a chain of comparisons so that a fourth level
+ * cannot be added without deciding where it sits — an unlisted key does not
+ * typecheck, and the exhaustiveness is the point of the `Record` type.
+ */
+const ACCESS_RANK: Record<AccountGrantAccess, number> = {
+  READ: 0,
+  WRITE: 1,
+  MANAGE: 2,
+};
+
+const NEED_RANK: Record<GrantNeed, number> = {
+  read: 0,
+  write: 1,
+  manage: 2,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Does this grant permit what the caller is about to do?
+ *
+ * Active first, then the level. A READ grant permits reads only; a WRITE grant
+ * permits both, because write access to a record without read access describes
+ * nothing anyone asked for; a MANAGE grant permits all three, because managing
+ * a record it cannot read or add to describes nothing either. The state
+ * outranks the level in both directions: a revoked MANAGE grant permits
+ * nothing at all, and no level survives an expiry.
+ *
+ * The comparison is `>=` on the ranks above and not equality, and the
+ * difference matters in exactly one direction: a WRITE grant must never
+ * satisfy `"manage"`. That is the whole of the third level's meaning — an
+ * accepted WRITE grant carries a consent to add, and nothing about it carries
+ * a consent to rewrite or remove.
+ */
+export function grantAllows(
+  grant: GrantLifecycle & { access: AccountGrantAccess },
+  need: GrantNeed,
+  now: Date = new Date(),
+): boolean {
+  if (!isGrantActive(grant, now)) return false;
+  return ACCESS_RANK[grant.access] >= NEED_RANK[need];
+}
+
+// ── Scope ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/** The slice of a grant row the scope predicate reads. */
+export interface GrantScope {
+  scopeJson: Prisma.JsonValue | null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * What a stored scope actually opens.
+ *
+ * `null` — the whole record. Not a default standing in for a missing answer:
+ * it is the answer every grant written before the column existed was consented
+ * as, and the answer an owner who ticks "entire record" gives today. It is a
+ * first-class value everywhere, never a legacy badge.
+ *
+ * A set — those sections and nothing else, `record` included (see
+ * {@link grantCoversDomain}).
+ */
+export type ResolvedScope = ReadonlySet<ShareDomain> | null;
+
+const EMPTY_SCOPE: ReadonlySet<ShareDomain> = new Set<ShareDomain>();
+
+/**
+ * Turn the stored blob into what it opens, refusing anything it cannot read.
+ *
+ * Fail-closed, and this is the deliberate inverse of `normalisePrefs` in the
+ * module gate: that one resolves a malformed preference blob to "everything
+ * on", because a presentation preference nobody can read should not hide a
+ * person's own data from them. This one answers an authorization question, so
+ * a value it cannot read resolves to the EMPTY set — every section refused,
+ * including any the garbage might have happened to name. Both directions are
+ * "do the safe thing with a value we do not understand"; they only look
+ * opposite because the safe thing differs.
+ *
+ * What counts as unreadable is deliberately wide: anything that is not an
+ * array, an empty array, an array holding a key outside the vocabulary, an
+ * array holding a non-string. There is no partial credit — a set that is half
+ * recognisable is a set somebody wrote in a shape this file does not
+ * understand, and honouring the half we recognise would be guessing at
+ * consent. `record` is not a member of the vocabulary, so a stored `["record"]`
+ * is unreadable too, which is the correct reading: a scope that means "no
+ * scope" is a thing the invite path refuses to write, and one that reached
+ * the column by any other route opens nothing.
+ */
+export function normaliseScope(stored: Prisma.JsonValue | null): ResolvedScope {
+  if (stored === null || stored === undefined) return null;
+  if (!Array.isArray(stored) || stored.length === 0) return EMPTY_SCOPE;
+
+  const domains = new Set<ShareDomain>();
+  for (const entry of stored) {
+    if (!isShareDomain(entry)) return EMPTY_SCOPE;
+    // A scope is a subset, not merely an array of recognisable values. A
+    // duplicated key is malformed rather than a second consent to the same
+    // domain, so it receives no partial credit.
+    if (domains.has(entry)) return EMPTY_SCOPE;
+    domains.add(entry);
+  }
+  return domains;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Does this grant open the section the route declared?
+ *
+ * Three rules, and the second is the one that carries the invariant:
+ *
+ *   * A NULL scope covers everything, `record` included. That is what every
+ *     grant in the product was until this release and what most will stay.
+ *   * A non-NULL scope NEVER covers `record`. A route that declares `record`
+ *     reads across sections — a health score, a digest, an achievement set —
+ *     and there is no honest way to answer one of those for a delegate who was
+ *     given part of a record. A score that says 70 to the owner and 64 to the
+ *     delegate is a support case and a clinical hazard, so the scoped delegate
+ *     does not get a filtered answer, they get no answer.
+ *   * Otherwise, membership. A key that postdates the invitation is not in the
+ *     stored set and so is not covered, which is why a new section is a
+ *     consent question rather than a schema question.
+ *
+ * The level is a separate question, asked by {@link grantAllows}. This one
+ * knows nothing about READ, WRITE or MANAGE — and MANAGE rows carry a NULL
+ * scope by construction, so it answers true for them by the first rule rather
+ * than by a special case.
+ */
+export function grantCoversDomain(
+  grant: GrantScope,
+  domain: ShareScope,
+): boolean {
+  const scope = normaliseScope(grant.scopeJson);
+  if (scope === null) return true;
+  if (domain === ENTIRE_RECORD) return false;
+  return scope.has(domain);
+}
+
+// ── Resolution ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/**
+ * The grant that lets `granteeId` act on `grantorId`'s record right now, or
+ * null.
+ *
+ * The query narrows on `revokedAt: null` only — which the partial unique index
+ * makes at most one row — and every other condition is decided by
+ * {@link isGrantActive}. That split is deliberate: a SQL predicate spelling out
+ * "accepted and not expired" beside a TypeScript predicate spelling out the
+ * same thing is two places deciding one question, and the copy that drifts is
+ * the one nobody reads. Here the database narrows and the state machine
+ * decides.
+ */
+export async function findActiveGrant(
+  pair: { grantorId: string; granteeId: string },
+  db: GrantDb = prisma,
+  now: Date = new Date(),
+): Promise<AccountGrant | null> {
+  const live = await db.accountGrant.findFirst({
+    where: {
+      grantorId: pair.grantorId,
+      granteeId: pair.granteeId,
+      revokedAt: null,
+    },
+  });
+  if (!live) return null;
+  return isGrantActive(live, now) ? live : null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Stamp `lastUsedAt` on a grant that was just exercised.
+ *
+ * Fire-and-forget, the `ApiToken.lastUsedAt` posture (`bearer.ts`): the request
+ * that triggered it must not wait, and a failure to record the use must not
+ * fail the read. The promise is returned so a test can await it; production
+ * callers deliberately do not.
+ */
+export function touchGrantUsage(
+  grantId: string,
+  db: GrantDb = prisma,
+): Promise<void> {
+  return db.accountGrant
+    .update({ where: { id: grantId }, data: { lastUsedAt: new Date() } })
+    .then(() => undefined)
+    .catch(() => undefined);
+}
diff --git a/src/lib/sharing/grant-view.ts b/src/lib/sharing/grant-view.ts
index 0f3c97337..c64f16da4 100644
--- a/src/lib/sharing/grant-view.ts
+++ b/src/lib/sharing/grant-view.ts
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ import {
   grantState,
   normaliseScope,
   type GrantState,
-} from "@/lib/sharing/grants";
+} from "@/lib/sharing/grant-access";
 import { SHARE_DOMAINS, type ShareDomain } from "@/lib/sharing/scope";
 import type { AccountGrant } from "@/generated/prisma/client";
 import type { Prisma } from "@/generated/prisma/client";
diff --git a/src/lib/sharing/grants.ts b/src/lib/sharing/grants.ts
index dcb8daf68..699ba45ca 100644
--- a/src/lib/sharing/grants.ts
+++ b/src/lib/sharing/grants.ts
@@ -1,14 +1,16 @@
 /**
- * v1.36.0 — the account-grant state machine. One file, one set of rules.
+ * The account-grant state machine: the transitions here, the predicates they
+ * decide by (state, level, scope, the live grant for a pair) in
+ * `./grant-access.ts`. Two modules, one set of rules.
  *
  * A grant is one account's standing permission to open another account's
  * record — to read it, and where the grant says so to add to it. The row is
  * also the durable record of the consent that created it (there is no second
  * receipt table — see the model docblock in `prisma/schema.prisma`).
- * Everything that decides what a grant currently MEANS lives here, and nothing
- * else in the tree is allowed to decide it.
+ * Everything that decides what a grant currently MEANS lives in these two
+ * modules, and nothing else in the tree is allowed to decide it.
  *
- * Why one file rather than the rules at the call sites: two consumers read
+ * Why one place rather than the rules at the call sites: two consumers read
  * these rows for different reasons — the acting-account resolver on every
  * request, and the grant CRUD surface when a person invites, accepts, revokes
  * or renounces. If each carried its own idea of "active", the two would drift,
@@ -67,35 +69,15 @@ import {
   grantAccessFor,
   type HandoverAccess,
 } from "@/lib/managed-profiles/handover-access";
-import { ENTIRE_RECORD, isShareDomain } from "@/lib/sharing/scope";
-import type { ShareDomain, ShareScope } from "@/lib/sharing/scope";
+import { isShareDomain } from "@/lib/sharing/scope";
+import type { ShareDomain } from "@/lib/sharing/scope";
+import { grantState, type GrantDb } from "@/lib/sharing/grant-access";
 import { Prisma } from "@/generated/prisma/client";
 import type {
   AccountGrant,
   AccountGrantAccess,
 } from "@/generated/prisma/client";
 
-/** The slice of a grant row the pure predicates read. */
-export interface GrantLifecycle {
-  acceptedAt: Date | null;
-  revokedAt: Date | null;
-  expiresAt: Date | null;
-}
-
-/**
- * What a grant currently is.
- *
- * Ordering matters and is stated rather than left to the reader: a revoked
- * grant reads REVOKED even if it also sat past its expiry, because somebody
- * ended it and the record should say so. An invitation past its expiry reads
- * EXPIRED rather than PENDING, because it can no longer be accepted. Only
- * ACTIVE confers anything.
- */
-export type GrantState = "REVOKED" | "EXPIRED" | "PENDING" | "ACTIVE";
-
-/** What a caller needs the grant to permit. */
-export type GrantNeed = "read" | "write" | "manage";
-
 export type GrantErrorCode =
   /** An account cannot share its record with itself. */
   | "self_grant"
@@ -134,179 +116,6 @@ export class GrantError extends Error {
   }
 }
 
-/**
- * The narrow client slice these functions need, so a caller can pass a
- * transaction handle. Same shape as `issue-token.ts`.
- */
-type GrantDb = Pick<Prisma.TransactionClient, "accountGrant" | "auditLog">;
-
-// ── The state machine, pure ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-/** What this grant is, at `now`. */
-export function grantState(
-  grant: GrantLifecycle,
-  now: Date = new Date(),
-): GrantState {
-  if (grant.revokedAt !== null) return "REVOKED";
-  // `<=` matches the Bearer-token expiry comparison: the instant named is the
-  // first instant the grant no longer holds.
-  if (grant.expiresAt !== null && grant.expiresAt <= now) return "EXPIRED";
-  if (grant.acceptedAt === null) return "PENDING";
-  return "ACTIVE";
-}
-
-/**
- * Does this grant confer anything right now?
- *
- * The one predicate the resolver asks. Deliberately derived from
- * {@link grantState} rather than re-listing the conditions, so a fourth
- * terminal state can never be added without this answering for it.
- */
-export function isGrantActive(
-  grant: GrantLifecycle,
-  now: Date = new Date(),
-): boolean {
-  return grantState(grant, now) === "ACTIVE";
-}
-
-/**
- * The three levels, ordered. Higher reaches everything lower.
- *
- * A total order rather than a set of capabilities per level, because that is
- * what the consent screen says out loud: view, view and add, manage. Written
- * as two tables rather than as a chain of comparisons so that a fourth level
- * cannot be added without deciding where it sits — an unlisted key does not
- * typecheck, and the exhaustiveness is the point of the `Record` type.
- */
-const ACCESS_RANK: Record<AccountGrantAccess, number> = {
-  READ: 0,
-  WRITE: 1,
-  MANAGE: 2,
-};
-
-const NEED_RANK: Record<GrantNeed, number> = {
-  read: 0,
-  write: 1,
-  manage: 2,
-};
-
-/**
- * Does this grant permit what the caller is about to do?
- *
- * Active first, then the level. A READ grant permits reads only; a WRITE grant
- * permits both, because write access to a record without read access describes
- * nothing anyone asked for; a MANAGE grant permits all three, because managing
- * a record it cannot read or add to describes nothing either. The state
- * outranks the level in both directions: a revoked MANAGE grant permits
- * nothing at all, and no level survives an expiry.
- *
- * The comparison is `>=` on the ranks above and not equality, and the
- * difference matters in exactly one direction: a WRITE grant must never
- * satisfy `"manage"`. That is the whole of the third level's meaning — an
- * accepted WRITE grant carries a consent to add, and nothing about it carries
- * a consent to rewrite or remove.
- */
-export function grantAllows(
-  grant: GrantLifecycle & { access: AccountGrantAccess },
-  need: GrantNeed,
-  now: Date = new Date(),
-): boolean {
-  if (!isGrantActive(grant, now)) return false;
-  return ACCESS_RANK[grant.access] >= NEED_RANK[need];
-}
-
-// ── Scope ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-/** The slice of a grant row the scope predicate reads. */
-export interface GrantScope {
-  scopeJson: Prisma.JsonValue | null;
-}
-
-/**
- * What a stored scope actually opens.
- *
- * `null` — the whole record. Not a default standing in for a missing answer:
- * it is the answer every grant written before the column existed was consented
- * as, and the answer an owner who ticks "entire record" gives today. It is a
- * first-class value everywhere, never a legacy badge.
- *
- * A set — those sections and nothing else, `record` included (see
- * {@link grantCoversDomain}).
- */
-export type ResolvedScope = ReadonlySet<ShareDomain> | null;
-
-const EMPTY_SCOPE: ReadonlySet<ShareDomain> = new Set<ShareDomain>();
-
-/**
- * Turn the stored blob into what it opens, refusing anything it cannot read.
- *
- * Fail-closed, and this is the deliberate inverse of `normalisePrefs` in the
- * module gate: that one resolves a malformed preference blob to "everything
- * on", because a presentation preference nobody can read should not hide a
- * person's own data from them. This one answers an authorization question, so
- * a value it cannot read resolves to the EMPTY set — every section refused,
- * including any the garbage might have happened to name. Both directions are
- * "do the safe thing with a value we do not understand"; they only look
- * opposite because the safe thing differs.
- *
- * What counts as unreadable is deliberately wide: anything that is not an
- * array, an empty array, an array holding a key outside the vocabulary, an
- * array holding a non-string. There is no partial credit — a set that is half
- * recognisable is a set somebody wrote in a shape this file does not
- * understand, and honouring the half we recognise would be guessing at
- * consent. `record` is not a member of the vocabulary, so a stored `["record"]`
- * is unreadable too, which is the correct reading: a scope that means "no
- * scope" is a thing the invite path refuses to write, and one that reached
- * the column by any other route opens nothing.
- */
-export function normaliseScope(stored: Prisma.JsonValue | null): ResolvedScope {
-  if (stored === null || stored === undefined) return null;
-  if (!Array.isArray(stored) || stored.length === 0) return EMPTY_SCOPE;
-
-  const domains = new Set<ShareDomain>();
-  for (const entry of stored) {
-    if (!isShareDomain(entry)) return EMPTY_SCOPE;
-    // A scope is a subset, not merely an array of recognisable values. A
-    // duplicated key is malformed rather than a second consent to the same
-    // domain, so it receives no partial credit.
-    if (domains.has(entry)) return EMPTY_SCOPE;
-    domains.add(entry);
-  }
-  return domains;
-}
-
-/**
- * Does this grant open the section the route declared?
- *
- * Three rules, and the second is the one that carries the invariant:
- *
- *   * A NULL scope covers everything, `record` included. That is what every
- *     grant in the product was until this release and what most will stay.
- *   * A non-NULL scope NEVER covers `record`. A route that declares `record`
- *     reads across sections — a health score, a digest, an achievement set —
- *     and there is no honest way to answer one of those for a delegate who was
- *     given part of a record. A score that says 70 to the owner and 64 to the
- *     delegate is a support case and a clinical hazard, so the scoped delegate
- *     does not get a filtered answer, they get no answer.
- *   * Otherwise, membership. A key that postdates the invitation is not in the
- *     stored set and so is not covered, which is why a new section is a
- *     consent question rather than a schema question.
- *
- * The level is a separate question, asked by {@link grantAllows}. This one
- * knows nothing about READ, WRITE or MANAGE — and MANAGE rows carry a NULL
- * scope by construction, so it answers true for them by the first rule rather
- * than by a special case.
- */
-export function grantCoversDomain(
-  grant: GrantScope,
-  domain: ShareScope,
-): boolean {
-  const scope = normaliseScope(grant.scopeJson);
-  if (scope === null) return true;
-  if (domain === ENTIRE_RECORD) return false;
-  return scope.has(domain);
-}
-
 // ── Lifecycle transitions ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 export interface InviteGrantInput {
@@ -878,54 +687,6 @@ export async function renounceGrantAndClearSwitch(
   );
 }
 
-// ── Resolution ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-/**
- * The grant that lets `granteeId` act on `grantorId`'s record right now, or
- * null.
- *
- * The query narrows on `revokedAt: null` only — which the partial unique index
- * makes at most one row — and every other condition is decided by
- * {@link isGrantActive}. That split is deliberate: a SQL predicate spelling out
- * "accepted and not expired" beside a TypeScript predicate spelling out the
- * same thing is two places deciding one question, and the copy that drifts is
- * the one nobody reads. Here the database narrows and the state machine
- * decides.
- */
-export async function findActiveGrant(
-  pair: { grantorId: string; granteeId: string },
-  db: GrantDb = prisma,
-  now: Date = new Date(),
-): Promise<AccountGrant | null> {
-  const live = await db.accountGrant.findFirst({
-    where: {
-      grantorId: pair.grantorId,
-      granteeId: pair.granteeId,
-      revokedAt: null,
-    },
-  });
-  if (!live) return null;
-  return isGrantActive(live, now) ? live : null;
-}
-
-/**
- * Stamp `lastUsedAt` on a grant that was just exercised.
- *
- * Fire-and-forget, the `ApiToken.lastUsedAt` posture (`bearer.ts`): the request
- * that triggered it must not wait, and a failure to record the use must not
- * fail the read. The promise is returned so a test can await it; production
- * callers deliberately do not.
- */
-export function touchGrantUsage(
-  grantId: string,
-  db: GrantDb = prisma,
-): Promise<void> {
-  return db.accountGrant
-    .update({ where: { id: grantId }, data: { lastUsedAt: new Date() } })
-    .then(() => undefined)
-    .catch(() => undefined);
-}
-
 // ── Internals ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 /**
diff --git a/src/lib/sharing/provider-work-authority.ts b/src/lib/sharing/provider-work-authority.ts
index 4ab9a0438..a2d8a9d72 100644
--- a/src/lib/sharing/provider-work-authority.ts
+++ b/src/lib/sharing/provider-work-authority.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { AsyncLocalStorage } from "node:async_hooks";
 
 import { prisma } from "@/lib/db";
 import { getEvent } from "@/lib/logging/context";
-import { findActiveGrant } from "@/lib/sharing/grants";
+import { findActiveGrant } from "@/lib/sharing/grant-access";
 
 /**
  * The authority that admitted provider work for a record.
diff --git a/tests/integration/account-grant-lifecycle.test.ts b/tests/integration/account-grant-lifecycle.test.ts
index be280015f..eb573e09d 100644
--- a/tests/integration/account-grant-lifecycle.test.ts
+++ b/tests/integration/account-grant-lifecycle.test.ts
@@ -31,13 +31,15 @@ import { encrypt } from "@/lib/crypto";
 import {
   GrantError,
   acceptGrant,
-  findActiveGrant,
-  grantAllows,
   inviteGrant,
   renounceGrant,
   revokeGrant,
-  touchGrantUsage,
 } from "@/lib/sharing/grants";
+import {
+  findActiveGrant,
+  grantAllows,
+  touchGrantUsage,
+} from "@/lib/sharing/grant-access";
 
 import { cookieJar, headerJar } from "./mock-next-headers";
 import { getPrismaClient, truncateAllTables } from "./setup";
diff --git a/tests/integration/managed-profile-lifecycle.test.ts b/tests/integration/managed-profile-lifecycle.test.ts
index bd570ee3b..b1367db2d 100644
--- a/tests/integration/managed-profile-lifecycle.test.ts
+++ b/tests/integration/managed-profile-lifecycle.test.ts
@@ -4,11 +4,8 @@ import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { cookieJar, headerJar, queuedSessionIds } from "./mock-next-headers";
 import { getPrismaClient, truncateAllTables, switchSessionTo } from "./setup";
 import { createManagedProfile } from "@/lib/managed-profiles/create";
-import {
-  acceptGrant,
-  findActiveGrant,
-  inviteGrant,
-} from "@/lib/sharing/grants";
+import { acceptGrant, inviteGrant } from "@/lib/sharing/grants";
+import { findActiveGrant } from "@/lib/sharing/grant-access";
 import {
   clearManagedProfileMarker,
   ManagedProfileLifecycleError,
diff --git a/tests/integration/sharing-scope-routes.test.ts b/tests/integration/sharing-scope-routes.test.ts
index ef078d988..35b0d48b9 100644
--- a/tests/integration/sharing-scope-routes.test.ts
+++ b/tests/integration/sharing-scope-routes.test.ts
@@ -1,11 +1,8 @@
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 
 import { getPrismaClient, truncateAllTables } from "./setup";
-import {
-  acceptGrant,
-  grantCoversDomain,
-  inviteGrant,
-} from "@/lib/sharing/grants";
+import { acceptGrant, inviteGrant } from "@/lib/sharing/grants";
+import { grantCoversDomain } from "@/lib/sharing/grant-access";
 import { SHARE_DOMAINS } from "@/lib/sharing/scope";
 
 let counter = 0;